CliReNER
Collection
A collection of named entity recognition (NER) datasets for climate change research. • 6 items • Updated
id stringlengths 1 3 | text stringlengths 90 568 | tokens listlengths 18 210 | ner_tags listlengths 18 210 |
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1 | Commonly used cloud CDRs are the Level-3 MODIS Monthly Global Product data files from the platform MOD08_M3 (hereafter MOD08_M3 ) and the platform MYD08_M3 (hereafter MOD08_M3 ) (Marchant et al. 2016, 2020); the Clouds and the Earth ’ s Radiant Energy System (CERES) Single Scanner Footprint (SSF) products, CERES-SSF a... | [
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2 | A total of 17 SDGs with 169 targets covering the aspects of ending poverty, zero hunger, good health for all, quality education opportunities for all, gender equality, sustainable water management, clean energy for everyone, sustainable economic growth with decent work culture, industry innovation by building resilient... | [
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4 | CF increased in June and July but decreased in April, May, and August, which is significantly different from previous studies (Abe et al. 2016; Eastman and Warren 2010b; Wang and Key 2003, 2005b; Warren and Eastman 2013) that used single or few satellite or model datasets to evaluate CF changes in parts of the Arctic... | [
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6 | GE = great egret, SE = snowy egret, WI = white ibis, GB = great blue heron, GI = glossy ibis, LB = little blue heron, TH = tricolored heron, BH = black-crowned night heron, WS = Wood stork, CE = cattle egret, ha = hectare. * These data are reproduced from the 1993 EPA aerial bird count. | [
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9 | This work presents the evaluation of snow albedo values retrieved from (1) Landsat images, L (16-day frequency with 30 × 30 m pixel size) and (2) SPOT VEGETATION albedo products, SV (10-day frequency with 1 × 1 km pixel size) in the Sierra Nevada mountain range in South Spain, a Mediterranean site representative of hig... | [
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11 | To detect the PDO signals during the strong and weak 11-yr solar cycle epochs, a 5-yr running mean was applied prior to the EOF analysis of SST variability over the North Pacific poleward of 20 N. Spectral analyses show that during the strong 11-yr solar cycle epoch (900–1285), the PDO index has obvious decadal (11and ... | [
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12 | Amazon rainforests buffer against drought (Staal et al., 2018) and deforestation has been shown to delay start of the rainy season (Butt et al., 2011; Leite-Filho et al., 2019), reduce regional rainfall by as much as 40% (Spracklen et al., 2012; 2018), and link to drying of the lower atmosphere contributing to wildfire... | [
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13 | Because tissue activity of transaminases such as ALT is also high in cardiac and skeletal muscle in CSL, creatine kinase (CK) was evaluated to differentiate between hepatic and muscle lesions; e.g., an elevation in ALT alone was likely to be hepatic in origin, while elevations in both ALT and CK were more likely to be ... | [
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14 | We compared 5 years of in situ weather data from cloud forests in northern Peru, regional weather stations, and gridded datasets to examine how climatologies reflect (a) forest microclimate buffering and (b) local rainfall in a sparse data region; we also examined spatiotemporal variability and regional trends. | [
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15 | The peak in the 11-yr solar cycle increases evaporation, so more moisture is carried by stronger trade winds to the convergence zones with abundant precipitation, which then generates greater equatorial ocean upwelling and lower equatorial SSTs in the eastern Pacific, resulting in the enhancement of the Hadley and Walk... | [
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19 | Furthermore, we show that advantages in multiwavelength lidar retrievals of (RH) are twofold: (1) Given that meteorological conditions are satisfied, the lidar acquires profiles of aerosol humidification every 10 min compared to the 1 ‐ hr RH and cutoff size ‐ dependent duty cycle of the nephelometers at SGP and (... | [
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20 | The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development–Food and Agriculture Organization (2013) expects that international prices of major crops (e.g., wheat, oilseeds, rice, coarse and raw sugar, and grains) and livestock products will rise over the next decade owing to the slower growth in production, together wi... | [
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21 | Unlike the TIR-SNOM work described earlier wherein the topography and the spectral data are acquired simultaneously, in this work, the AFM topography data were acquired in separate experiments, with correlation between the AFM topography and spectral data being inferred, both from the extent of coverage of the graphene... | [
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22 | Wang et al. (1981) suggested that a strong EASM circulation features strong southerly winds extending northward, carrying more water vapor from the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans to the northern EA, which results in abundant rainfall over northern EA, but the rainfall is deficient in the lower-middle reaches of the... | [
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24 | The EASM displays a complex spatial structure, which consists of the South Asian high, northwestern Pacific subtropical high, Mascarene high, Australian high, cross-equatorial flows, mei-yu fronts, etc. (Huang and Tang 1987). | [
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26 | For example, the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) carried on the satellites provide 8,461 channels covering the spectral region from 3.7 to 15.5 m (Blumstein et al., 2004) and the Cross ‐ track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) — a new generation of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) hypers... | [
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29 | From 2020, there will be a requirement for all new buildings within the member states of the European Union to be ‘ nearly zero energy ’ (European Union, 2010): “‘ ’ … ” The Energy Performance in Buildings Directive (EPBD) places the responsibility for developing a legislative framework for the ‘ nearly zero-energy bu... | [
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30 | Conceptualization, C.A.S., G.S., R.A.N. and D.P.; methodology, C.A.S., G.S. and D.P.; validation, C.A.S. and R.A.N.; formal analysis, C.A.S.; investigation, C.A.S. and R.A.N.; resources, C.A.S., G.S. and D.P.; data curation, C.A.S.; writing—original draft preparation, C.A.S.; writing—review and editing, C.A.S., G.S., R... | [
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31 | Although rainfall magnitude remains unclear, our data support field observations that less accessible northeastern facing slopes in Bosque de Protección Alto Mayo and the Cordillera de Colán receive extensive rainfall (L.G. Rimarachín Cayatopa, A. García Bravo, BPAM park guards, personal communication). | [
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32 | Different approaches to derive fusion algorithms that benefit from both sources’ advantages have been performed, such as the DisALEXIS [18] model to increase the original Landsat frequency by downscaling MODIS [19], or the semi-physical fusion approach for MODIS BRDF/Albedo and Landsat ETM+ for snow cover fraction retr... | [
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33 | Scott Guyer, Tina Boucher, Jason Karl, Jason Taylor, Matt Bobo, Dave Yokel, and numerous other ecologists, botanists, soil scientists, and field technicians contributed to the development of vegetation and environmental survey methods and collection of data. | [
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35 | Under the global trend of energy saving and carbon reduction, in order to lower the carbon emissions of products or services offered by enterprises, the Taiwanese government aims to control carbon emissions by constructing a carbon tax system and mandating enterprises to pay a carbon tax. | [
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36 | The Snow, Ice, and Aerosol Radiation (SNICAR) model [12] describes scattering and absorption by snow and impurity mixtures with Mie theory [4,15] and uses a two-stream, multi-layer radiative transfer solution [16] to represent vertical inhomogeneities of the snow. | [
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37 | Enzymatic fluorimetric analysis was utilized with two enzymatic reactions: the uricase catalyzed reaction of uric acid to form allantoin with the production of hydrogen peroxide, followed by the horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed reaction of hydrogen peroxide with Amplex Red, to form the fluorescent product, resorufin. | [
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38 | For instance, (1) more accurate estimation of rainfall at certain scales is now possible through merging satellite/radar products and rain gauge measurements [15,16,17,18]; and (2) renewed and fresh insights into theories of complexity, nonlinear dynamics, scaling, and pattern recognition offer new avenues for studying... | [
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39 | While ecological theory states that intrinsic population mechanisms are much more likely to lead to stable dynamics or first-order cycles (2, 5), we identified aperiodic (chaos-like) fluctuations for nearly all experimental systems, a rare discovery in experimental systems. | [
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40 | River water polluted with heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), and nickel (Ni) can damage crops such as vegetables and rice [40,41,42,43,44]. | [
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41 | Many major river systems in Asia, such as the Yangtze, Yarlung Zangbo, Indus, Ganges and Salween originate in the Tibetan mountains and snow cover in Tibet provides substantial water resources for these rivers, in addition to its weather-related and climatic significance. | [
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42 | The Orlando Easterly Wetlands (OEW) is an engineered wetland that polishes 57 million liters of wastewater per day, lowering the total nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations through biological, physical, and chemical processes. | [
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43 | Heterotrophic microbes [2], emergent and submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) [3], the accretion of organic matter [4] redox [5], precipitation, and sorption [6], each help to remove nutrients, including nitrogen and phosphorus. | [
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44 | The symbiotic nitrogen (N) fixation may play a role in drought tolerance and drought avoidance by supplying N to leaves for acclimation and facilitating compensatory growth following drought. | [
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45 | Frost occurs when the surface minimum temperature drops below 0 °C due to phenomena such as radiation cooling or cold temperature advection (Moonen et al., 2002; Meehl et al., 2004), and frost adversely affects crops by freezing cellular tissue and damaging foliage. | [
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47 | Limiting the use of fossil fuels and massively expanding the use of renewable energy sources (RES) in its individual Member States, the European Union (EU) is considered the world’s pioneer in the transition to cleaner energy [26,27], with renewable energy being one of the fundamental pillars of the European Union’s st... | [
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48 | Rainfall-induced landslides predominately occur within steep topography where intense or prolonged rainfall increases pore water pressures and decreases soil cohesion in the subsurface, causing the driving forces to overcome resisting forces on a hill slope and activate a landslide [3]. | [
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49 | Before flowing into the St. John’s River, the water passes through three main vegetative regions: a 1.6 km2 deep marsh populated with cattail reedy marsh plants and bulrush sedge (where most nutrient removal takes place), a 1.5 km2 mixed marsh, and a 1.6 km2 hardwood swamp with a lake. | [
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50 | After the tire has been cured, large commercial truck/bus tires, as well as some passenger and light truck tires, are inspected by X-ray or magnetic induction based inspection machines. | [
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51 | In this context and towards future climatic impacts, there is a need for interdisciplinarity within urban green planning, including architecture, forestry, ecology, water management, new technologies, and the urban communities as important drivers. | [
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53 | The ice- and snow-melt water provides important water resources for these river systems and regulates seasonal water supply and river runoff, which is essential for the lives of people and their livelihood in the plateau and downstream areas [12,13,14]. | [
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54 | Additionally, the assessment reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) suggested that more than half of global warming over the present warming period (PWP) is caused by human activity; however, the IPCC also pointed out that the effects of natural factors (e.g., volcanic eruptions and solar activ... | [
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56 | While contraction and freshening have been observed in each of the AABW varieties, some of the largest changes have occurred in Ross Sea bottom water (RSBW) which supplies the abyssal layer of the Pacific and eastern Indian basins . | [
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57 | As the second family of Cloud_cci datasets, the Cloud_cci MERIS AATSR dataset combines data from the Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) and Advanced Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR), which are both mounted on the 1000 LT polar-orbiting ( ). | [
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59 | The Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program sought to explore the evolving aerosol measurement capabilities of lidar during the. Combined High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) And Raman lidar Measurement Study (CHARMS). | [
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61 | This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFA0600401), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41420104002, 41671197, and 41501210), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (14KJA170002), Program of Innovative Research Team of Jiangsu Hi... | [
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62 | The River stage along the course of the Adige River (Figure 3) was computed by solving the one dimensional shallow water equation with a numerical model implemented in the flood protection and warning system of the Adige River in use at the Office of Risk Prevention of the Trento Province, by using a grid spacing of 20... | [
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64 | It is generally categorized into the southern Himalayan mountains, the lake and basin area in northern Himalayas, the central Yarlung Zangbo river valley, the northern plateau and lake basin area, and the southeastern alpine gorge region [37]. | [
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66 | The potential of dedicated energy crops as suitable feedstock for producing cellulosic ethanol has attracted increasing attention because of their high yield, low costs, decreased environmental impacts, and the lack of competition for fertile lands between energy crops and food crops [1]. | [
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67 | The power system periodically measures the voltage value of each cell and the battery pack’s current and voltage using suitable analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and sensors. | [
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68 | All experiments were carried out in a 100 mL 3-neck reactor equipped with a condenser, a nitrogen inlet, and pressure-equalizing dropping funnel placed at the middle neck and 2 side necks. | [
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71 | Contaminated water intake may be associated with several illnesses such as cancer, congenital abnormalities, central nervous system problems, and endocrine system disturbance and heart disease. | [
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73 | Carbon taxes are also an important policy tool for environmental protection to prompt companies to pursue optimal environmental management under tax considerations [13,14,15]. | [
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74 | Three process-level activities using machine 1, machine 2, and machine 3 were used for product 1, product 2, and product 3, respectively. | [
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77 | However, the inclusion of these measurements in models is somehow limited by the fixed resolution of satellite images (e.g., NOAA, daily images with 1 km × 1 km cell size; MODIS, daily images with 250 m × 250 m cell size; Landsat, 16-day images with 30 m × 30 m cell size; SPOT, 10 days scenes with 1 km × 1 km) and thei... | [
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78 | Dynamically downscaled agro-climates for present (1981–2010) and future (2071–2100) climates under Representative Concentration Pathways (Historical, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5) in Northeast Asia (118°–138°E, 30°–45°N) are analysed in terms of the indices, such as vegetable and crop periods, frost days, and the climatic yield ... | [
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79 | Forest humidity buffered warming-induced evaporative drying across elevations, and inside forest maximum vapour pressure deficit (VPDmax) did not change with elevation, whereas with a 22% reduction in RHmin at stations, VPDmax increased >10-fold from high to low elevations. | [
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80 | In this animal, seizures were noted at PB levels below 18.0 μg/mL, and adverse clinical signs of sedation and ataxia were noted at PB levels above 35.0 μg/mL. In dogs and cats, a therapeutic range of 15.0–56.0 μg/mL [23] is supplemented by the reference laboratory with a narrower ‘ideal’ range of 20.0–30.0 μg/mL (Idexx... | [
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82 | In the absence of alterations to global atmosphere and ocean circulation, the Chachapoyas region of northern Peru is likely to experience greater seasonal extremes of both flooding and drought consistent with amplification of precipitation variability in wet regions (Zhang et al., 2021). | [
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83 | The seismic history of the Salento peninsula shows that only one event of a magnitude higher than 6.0 is reported in the historical catalogues: this earthquake, which occurred on 20 February 1743, caused maximum damage with an intensity of IX–X degrees on the Mercalli–Cancani–Sieberg scale (MCS) and also caused a tsuna... | [
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84 | For example, Evergreen Broadleaf Forest, Evergreen Conifer Forest, Deciduous Broadleaf Forest, Deciduous Conifer Forest, shrubland, and herbaceous;(iv)Phytosociological association [32]: Association of characteristic species, such as Saso kurilensis-Fagetum crenatae;(v)Community dominance [33]: Presence of dominant spe... | [
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85 | In November 2016 wildfires burned some of the last remaining relic cloud forests on the western slopes of the Andes in northern Peru (Mutke et al., 2017) providing a warning for the future if droughts occur regularly. | [
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86 | For example, tropical rain forests, boreal forests, Arctic meadows, etc.;(ii)Ecosystem [28]: Associated ecological significance, such as alpine herbaceous, wetland herbaceous, etc.;(iii)Physiognomy [29,30,31]: Physical appearance and structure (needle-leaved or broad-leaved), phenology (deciduous or evergreen), and lif... | [
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87 | 0.7 prms per 1 m3 of timber with a top diameter of 7 cm and more under bark; the weight of a loose cubic metre of wood chips varies depending on the type of wood and the moisture content of the wood chips. | [
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88 | Many of these studies implicitly apply the SIR paradigm in disease ecology (Anderson & May, 1992), assuming that the fundamental characteristics of a host-pathogen system can be captured by considering hosts as susceptible, infected, or recovered. | [
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89 | It can measure the battery cells with a total measurement error of less than 1.2 mV. The measurement range from 0 to 5 V makes the LTC6804 suitable for the LIB application, as it does not consume much power. | [
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91 | However, limitation of water supply may lead to morphological changes such as reduction of individual leaf dimensions of R. pseudoacacia, resulting in a highly reduced leaf area [66] and thus, in combination with the isohydric stomatal behavior strategy, providing lower cooling of the urban environment. | [
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92 | Samples of different P. sylvestris organs were collected, including 1- and 2-year-old branches and needles and wood and outer bark, and the entire D. polysetum. | [
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93 | The rain gauge data from the Italian network (collected in the system database “Verifica Rischio Frana”, VRF) are compared with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) products. | [
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94 | Here we compare 5 years of data on cloud forest microclimate and local rainfall with regional weather stations outside forest to examine drivers of variation in montane climate. | [
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95 | AABW circulates from its formation sites around Antarctica throughout the global ocean as a part of the lower limb of the global overturning circulation and plays a critical role in regulating Earth’s climate by storing and transporting heat and carbon in the abyssal ocean . | [
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96 | Standard terrain corrected (Level 1T) Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) scenes available from 2017 to 2019 over the Tohoku region of Japan were utilized. | [
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97 | For the purpose, we couple point gauge and satellite rainfall estimates at individual grid cells, evaluating the correlation between gauge and satellite data in different morpho-climatological conditions. | [
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98 | A distinct decreasing trend of WSBW area is detected along all three transects, along with a concurrent decrease of Lower WSDW along the Scotia Sea part of the A23 section (Fig. 2a) . | [
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99 | Although malaria is climate driven, there are limited studies linking climate variability and disease transmission across the various agro-ecological zones in Ghana. | [
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100 | At the same time, the lowest amount of precipitation are recorded over southern region (IN, XX and MP WS) of the study domain. | [
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101 | Seasonal fluctuations in the levels of specific activity of this radionuclide were manifested only in the living parts of P. sylvestris—to a greater extent in the branches and needles and to a lesser extent in the wood. | [
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102 | Experiments are conducted on NOAA/National Environmental Satellite, Data, and information Service/Center for Satellite Applications and Research supercomputer for Satellite Simulations and data assimilation Studies (S4; Boukabara et al., 2016). | [
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103 | Shelf water of sufficient density to produce AABW is formed in four distinct regions of the Antarctic margin: namely, the Weddell Sea, Cape Darnley, the Adélie Land Coast and the Ross Sea. | [
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104 | The investigation was supported by the use of Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) and Global Positioning System-Real Time Kinematic (GPS-RTK) acquisition for the open-coast quarries. | [
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105 | This is never truer than in the context of imaging, where our ability to directly visualize and quantify how molecules interact to form functional structures has long been a key goal in fields ranging from materials science to biology, physics, and chemistry. | [
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106 | Groundwater is a valuable natural resource since it is by far the most abundant source of freshwater of the planet, if we exclude glaciers and ice caps. | [
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107 | These programs can span various domains, including climate science, policy formulation, data interpretation, and project administration. | [
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108 | The paper introduces the Genus-Physiognomy-Ecosystem (GPE) system for the organization of plant communities from the perspective of satellite remote sensing. | [
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109 | Improved understanding of the interactions between ecological drivers and responses across scales provides insight into fundamental problems in ecology and can contribute to better management of natural resources. | [
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110 | Life and health depend on freshwater, which is a vital issue to public health and welfare. | [
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111 | Unlike relative humidity (RH), VPD provides a linear measure of the exponential relationship between temperature and evapotranspiration (Anderson, 1936), and increasing VPD around the globe has been linked to reduced vegetation growth (Yuan et al., 2019) and wildfires (Abatzoglou et al., 2018b). | [
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112 | Therefore, the selection of the albedo data source in these areas, where snow evapo-sublimation plays a very important role and the presence of snow-free patches is very frequent, can condition the final accuracy of the simulations of operational models; Landsat is the recommended source if the monitoring of the snowpa... | [
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113 | The present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of fungal pretreatment on the enzymatic digestibility of switchgrass under solid-state fermentation (SSF) using Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PC), Trametes versicolor 52J (Tv 52J), and a mutant strain of Trametes versicolor that is cellobiose dehydrogenase-deficient... | [
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114 | Quantitative analyses of the complex interactions and feedbacks among plants, soils, climate, and herbivores at the landscape scale require quantitative spatial representations of distribution, abundance, and trends for ecologically meaningful units of vegetation, such as the species or community. | [
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116 | Chelsa captured a 3.9°C reduction in maximum temperatures inside forest (MAE 1.6°C, R2 = 0.95) whereas WorldClim reflected drier lapse rates and higher Tmax outside forest. | [
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117 | Adverse effects did appear to be dose-dependent, with dramatic sedation and ataxia reported at PB levels above 58.0 μg/mL. Anorexia, weight loss, and behavioral changes appeared to be associated with this animal’s structural brain disease, as it was noted at a wide variety of PB levels, and improved following xenotrans... | [
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118 | Despite the availability of satellite rainfall estimates and their experimental use in existing early-warning systems, surprisingly limited research has been done to compare satellite rainfall estimates and rain gauge data for the explicit analysis of landslide triggering mechanisms, and for evaluating and forecasting ... | [
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119 | Under conditions of water stress, the total chlorophyll content (T) decreases the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROSs) in the chloroplast (ROS is a very low reactive molecule that may cause damage to cellular bodies during environmental stress). | [
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120 | 15 one-year and 15 two-year branches with needles; 10–12 pieces of bark; 10–12 wood samples. | [
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121 | At the Leliv and Paryshiv sites, the highest 137Cs content among living tissues was observed in the wood, and the highest concentration among all studied pine organs was found in the dead outer bark. | [
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122 | Species-level analysis of vegetation patterns enables quantifying and monitoring landscape-level changes in species, vegetation communities, and wildlife habitat independently of subjective categorical vegetation types and facilitates integrating spatial patterns across multiple ecological scales. | [
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123 | Czech forestry produces approx. 2 million m3 (approx. 0.77 million tons) of wood chips, 1.5 million tons of cellulose leach, and nearly 5 million tons of fuelwood for energy purposes [38]. | [
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124 | Along with the rising demand for construction materials, developing countries are also facing certain issues such as waste disposal (an environmental concern) and also challenges during utility service maintenance work on pavements, as it requires various types of machinery and techniques to be implemented and also mor... | [
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125 | This suggests that as the summer progresses, the growth of young needles and branches slows down, leading to a decline in the concentration of 137Cs in these organs in the middle of summer. | [
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126 | The animal was diagnosed with epilepsy caused by suspected DA toxicosis based on observed seizure-like activity, prolonged anorexia, radiologic evidence of hippocampal atrophy [17] and absence of infectious disease agents. | [
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127 | The study points out that at present, the use of forest dendromass from primary production is at its maximum and meeting the climate targets for increasing the share of RES in the energy mix represents a major problem in the long term. | [
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128 | The article aims to analyse the base of forest raw material for energy use and predict the volumes of available forest biomass (primarily forest logging residues) in the Czech Republic with regard to the next possible occurrence of calamities caused by abiotic or biotic factors. | [
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End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
CliReNER gold author annot: Author-Annotated Baseline for Climate Change Research
Dataset Summary
CliReNERgold author annot provides a baseline annotation set for the same sentences found in the CliReNERgold (expert-annotated) dataset.
This dataset represents the initial annotations performed by the authors of the CliReNER project before the data was split and further curated. It provides a direct comparison between author-led pre-annotation and the final multi-expert consensus reached in the CliReNERgold dataset. Researchers may use this to analyze the impact of expert domain knowledge on annotation consistency.
Dataset Structure
Data Instances
The dataset follows the standard BIO tagging format used across the entire CliReNER project:
{
"id": "doc_author_99",
"text": "The observed warming trend in the North Atlantic affects local coral reefs.",
"tokens": ["The", "observed", "warming", "trend", "in", "the", "North", "Atlantic", "affects", "local", "coral", "reefs", "."],
"ner_tags": [0, 0, 27, 28, 0, 0, 17, 18, 0, 0, 11, 12, 0]
}
Entity Typology (28 Classes)
This dataset maintains the consistent 28-class taxonomy established for the CliReNER project, covering the full spectrum of entities in climate science literature (from Meteorological Phenomenon to Policy).
Dataset Creation
- Origin: These sentences were part of the initial pool of 1,219 annotations produced by the authors using Label Studio and GLiNER pre-annotation.
- Annotation Methodology: These labels represent the "pre-consensus" state. Following the construction of the overall corpus, this specific subset of sentences was separated to serve as a parallel to the expert-curated CliReNERgold, allowing for an evaluation of annotation variance.
- Relationship to Other Datasets:
- CliReNERsilver**: The broader, author-annotated corpus used for model training.
- CliReNERgold: The refined version of these specific sentences, validated by 12 domain experts via Weighted Expert Voting (WEV).
Usage
This dataset is ideal for benchmarking annotator bias or studying the refinement process from author-led to expert-validated labels.
from datasets import load_dataset
# Load the author-annotated gold-sentence set
dataset = load_dataset("P0L3/CliReNER_v_1_1_28_GOLD_authorannots")
# Access the data
print(dataset["test"][0])
Citation Information
@misc{poleksic2026named,
author = {Poleksić, Andrija and Martinčić-Ipšić, Sanda},
title = {Named Entity Recognition for Climate Change Research},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {Research Square},
note = {Preprint}
}
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