data_source
stringclasses 1
value | prompt
listlengths 1
1
| images
images listlengths 1
1
| reward_model
dict | extra_info
dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The above mass spectra is for the hypochlorite ion, ClO$^-$. Oxygen has only one stable isotope, which has a mass of 16 amu. How many neutrons does the most common isotope of chlorine have? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "18",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "18",
"id": "scemqa_oe--100",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The above mass spectra is for the hypochlorite ion, ClO$^-$. Oxygen has only one stable isotope, which has a mass of 16 amu. How many neutrons does the most common isotope of chlorine have? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The above mass spectra is for the hypochlorite ion, ClO$^-$. Oxygen has only one stable isotope, which has a mass of 16 amu. Using the spectra, calculate the average mass of a hypochlorite ion. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "51.5",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "51.5",
"id": "scemqa_oe--101",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The above mass spectra is for the hypochlorite ion, ClO$^-$. Oxygen has only one stable isotope, which has a mass of 16 amu. Using the spectra, calculate the average mass of a hypochlorite ion. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The above mass spectra is for the hypochlorite ion, ClO$^-$. Oxygen has only one stable isotope, which has a mass of 16 amu. Does the negative charge on the ion affect the spectra? (Yes or No) (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "No",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "No",
"id": "scemqa_oe--102",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The above mass spectra is for the hypochlorite ion, ClO$^-$. Oxygen has only one stable isotope, which has a mass of 16 amu. Does the negative charge on the ion affect the spectra? (Yes or No) (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The above PES belongs to a neutral chlorine atom. What wavelength of light would be required to eject a 3s electron from chlorine? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "4.9e-8",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "4.9e-8",
"id": "scemqa_oe--103",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The above PES belongs to a neutral chlorine atom. What wavelength of light would be required to eject a 3s electron from chlorine? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The photoelectron spectrum of an element is given below: Identify the element this spectra most likely belongs to and write out its full electron configuration. (Answer is a hybridization)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "$1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^4",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "$1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^4",
"id": "scemqa_oe--104",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The photoelectron spectrum of an element is given below: Identify the element this spectra most likely belongs to and write out its full electron configuration. (Answer is a hybridization)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The acetyl ion has a formula of C$_2$H$_3$O$^-$ and two possible Lewis electron-dot diagram representations: Using formal charge, determine which (left or right) structure is the most likely correct structure. (Answer is a single word)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "Left",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "Left",
"id": "scemqa_oe--105",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The acetyl ion has a formula of C$_2$H$_3$O$^-$ and two possible Lewis electron-dot diagram representations: Using formal charge, determine which (left or right) structure is the most likely correct structure. (Answer is a single word)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The acetyl ion has a formula of C$_2$H$_3$O$^-$ and two possible Lewis electron-dot diagram representations: What is the hybridization around the atom? (Answer is a hybridization)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "$sp^2$",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "$sp^2$",
"id": "scemqa_oe--106",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The acetyl ion has a formula of C$_2$H$_3$O$^-$ and two possible Lewis electron-dot diagram representations: What is the hybridization around the atom? (Answer is a hybridization)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The graph above shows the changes in pressure with changing temperature of gas samples of helium and argon confined in a closed 2-liter vessel. What is the total pressure of the two gases in the container at a temperature of 200 K? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "2.5",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "2.5",
"id": "scemqa_oe--107",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The graph above shows the changes in pressure with changing temperature of gas samples of helium and argon confined in a closed 2-liter vessel. What is the total pressure of the two gases in the container at a temperature of 200 K? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The graph above shows the changes in pressure with changing temperature of gas samples of helium and argon confined in a closed 2-liter vessel. How many moles of helium are contained in the vessel? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "0.12",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "0.12",
"id": "scemqa_oe--108",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The graph above shows the changes in pressure with changing temperature of gas samples of helium and argon confined in a closed 2-liter vessel. How many moles of helium are contained in the vessel? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The graph above shows the changes in pressure with changing temperature of gas samples of helium and argon confined in a closed 2-liter vessel. How many molecules of helium are contained in the vessel? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "7.2e22",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "7.2e22",
"id": "scemqa_oe--109",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The graph above shows the changes in pressure with changing temperature of gas samples of helium and argon confined in a closed 2-liter vessel. How many molecules of helium are contained in the vessel? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The graph above shows the changes in pressure with changing temperature of gas samples of helium and argon confined in a closed 2-liter vessel. If the volume of the container were reduced to 1 liter at a constant temperature of 300 K, what would be the new pressure of the helium gas? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "3",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "3",
"id": "scemqa_oe--110",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The graph above shows the changes in pressure with changing temperature of gas samples of helium and argon confined in a closed 2-liter vessel. If the volume of the container were reduced to 1 liter at a constant temperature of 300 K, what would be the new pressure of the helium gas? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A student performs an experiment in which a butane lighter is held underwater directly beneath a 100-mL graduated cylinder which has been filled with water as shown in the diagram below. The switch on the lighter is pressed, and butane gas is released into the graduated cylinder. The student's data table for this lab is as follows: Mass of lighter before gas release: 20.432 g Mass of lighter after gas release: 20.296 g Volume of gas collected: 68.40 mL Water Temperature: 19.0°C Atmospheric Pressure: 745 mmHg. Given that the vapor pressure of water at 19.0°C is 16.5 mmHg, determine the partial pressure of the butane gas collected in atmospheres. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "0.959",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "0.959",
"id": "scemqa_oe--111",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A student performs an experiment in which a butane lighter is held underwater directly beneath a 100-mL graduated cylinder which has been filled with water as shown in the diagram below. The switch on the lighter is pressed, and butane gas is released into the graduated cylinder. The student's data table for this lab is as follows: Mass of lighter before gas release: 20.432 g Mass of lighter after gas release: 20.296 g Volume of gas collected: 68.40 mL Water Temperature: 19.0°C Atmospheric Pressure: 745 mmHg. Given that the vapor pressure of water at 19.0°C is 16.5 mmHg, determine the partial pressure of the butane gas collected in atmospheres. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A student performs an experiment in which a butane lighter is held underwater directly beneath a 100-mL graduated cylinder which has been filled with water as shown in the diagram below. The switch on the lighter is pressed, and butane gas is released into the graduated cylinder. The student's data table for this lab is as follows: Mass of lighter before gas release: 20.432 g Mass of lighter after gas release: 20.296 g Volume of gas collected: 68.40 mL Water Temperature: 19.0°C Atmospheric Pressure: 745 mmHg. Calculate the molar mass of butane gas from the experimental data given. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "49.6",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "49.6",
"id": "scemqa_oe--112",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A student performs an experiment in which a butane lighter is held underwater directly beneath a 100-mL graduated cylinder which has been filled with water as shown in the diagram below. The switch on the lighter is pressed, and butane gas is released into the graduated cylinder. The student's data table for this lab is as follows: Mass of lighter before gas release: 20.432 g Mass of lighter after gas release: 20.296 g Volume of gas collected: 68.40 mL Water Temperature: 19.0°C Atmospheric Pressure: 745 mmHg. Calculate the molar mass of butane gas from the experimental data given. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A student performs an experiment in which a butane lighter is held underwater directly beneath a 100-mL graduated cylinder which has been filled with water as shown in the diagram below. The switch on the lighter is pressed, and butane gas is released into the graduated cylinder. The student's data table for this lab is as follows: Mass of lighter before gas release: 20.432 g Mass of lighter after gas release: 20.296 g Volume of gas collected: 68.40 mL Water Temperature: 19.0°C Atmospheric Pressure: 745 mmHg. If the formula of butane is C$_4$H$_{10}$, determine the percent error for the student's results. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "14.5",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "14.5",
"id": "scemqa_oe--113",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A student performs an experiment in which a butane lighter is held underwater directly beneath a 100-mL graduated cylinder which has been filled with water as shown in the diagram below. The switch on the lighter is pressed, and butane gas is released into the graduated cylinder. The student's data table for this lab is as follows: Mass of lighter before gas release: 20.432 g Mass of lighter after gas release: 20.296 g Volume of gas collected: 68.40 mL Water Temperature: 19.0°C Atmospheric Pressure: 745 mmHg. If the formula of butane is C$_4$H$_{10}$, determine the percent error for the student's results. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A student performs an experiment in which a bar of unknown metal M is placed in a solution with the formula MNO$_3$. The metal is then hooked up to a copper bar in a solution of CuSO$_4$ as shown below. A salt bridge that contains aqueous KCl links the cell together. The cell potential is found to be +0.74 V. Separately, when a bar of metal M is placed in the copper sulfate solution, solid copper starts to form on the bar. When a bar of copper is placed in the MNO$_3$ solution, no visible reaction occurs. The following gives some reduction potentials for copper: Half-reactions and their standard electrode potentials (E): 1. For the reaction \\( \\text{Cu}^{2+} + 2\\text{e}^- \\rightarrow \\text{Cu(s)} \\), \\( E = 0.34 \\, \\text{V} \\) 2. For the reaction \\( \\text{Cu}^{2+} + \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow \\text{Cu}^+ \\), \\( E = 0.15 \\, \\text{V} \\) 3. For the reaction \\( \\text{Cu}^+ + \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow \\text{Cu(s)} \\), \\( E = 0.52 \\, \\text{V} \\). What is the standard reduction potential for metal M? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "-0.4",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "-0.4",
"id": "scemqa_oe--114",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A student performs an experiment in which a bar of unknown metal M is placed in a solution with the formula MNO$_3$. The metal is then hooked up to a copper bar in a solution of CuSO$_4$ as shown below. A salt bridge that contains aqueous KCl links the cell together. The cell potential is found to be +0.74 V. Separately, when a bar of metal M is placed in the copper sulfate solution, solid copper starts to form on the bar. When a bar of copper is placed in the MNO$_3$ solution, no visible reaction occurs. The following gives some reduction potentials for copper: Half-reactions and their standard electrode potentials (E): 1. For the reaction \\( \\text{Cu}^{2+} + 2\\text{e}^- \\rightarrow \\text{Cu(s)} \\), \\( E = 0.34 \\, \\text{V} \\) 2. For the reaction \\( \\text{Cu}^{2+} + \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow \\text{Cu}^+ \\), \\( E = 0.15 \\, \\text{V} \\) 3. For the reaction \\( \\text{Cu}^+ + \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow \\text{Cu(s)} \\), \\( E = 0.52 \\, \\text{V} \\). What is the standard reduction potential for metal M? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>2NO(g) + Br$_2$(g) → 2NOBr(g) The following results in the figure were obtained in experiments designed to study the rate of the reaction above: Calculate the value of the rate constant, k, for the reaction. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "6e3",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "6e3",
"id": "scemqa_oe--115",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>2NO(g) + Br$_2$(g) → 2NOBr(g) The following results in the figure were obtained in experiments designed to study the rate of the reaction above: Calculate the value of the rate constant, k, for the reaction. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The decomposition of phosphine occurs via the pathway below: 4PH$_3$(g) → P$_4$(g) + 6H$_2$(g) A scientist observing this reaction at 250 K plots the following data: If the rate of disappearance of PH$)3$ is 2.5 × 10$^{-3}$ M/s at t = 20 s: What is the rate of appearance of P$_4$ at the same point in time? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "6.3e-4",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "6.3e-4",
"id": "scemqa_oe--116",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The decomposition of phosphine occurs via the pathway below: 4PH$_3$(g) → P$_4$(g) + 6H$_2$(g) A scientist observing this reaction at 250 K plots the following data: If the rate of disappearance of PH$)3$ is 2.5 × 10$^{-3}$ M/s at t = 20 s: What is the rate of appearance of P$_4$ at the same point in time? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The boiling points of three different compounds are listed below, along with their formulas. What is the hybridization around atom $C_2$ in the acetaldehyde molecule? (Answer is a hybridization)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "$sp^2$",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "$sp^2$",
"id": "scemqa_oe--117",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The boiling points of three different compounds are listed below, along with their formulas. What is the hybridization around atom $C_2$ in the acetaldehyde molecule? (Answer is a hybridization)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A galvanic cell is set up according to the following diagram. Calculate $E^{\\circ}_{cell}$ (V). (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "0.94",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "0.94",
"id": "scemqa_oe--118",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A galvanic cell is set up according to the following diagram. Calculate $E^{\\circ}_{cell}$ (V). (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A galvanic cell is set up according to the following diagram. The beaker of Sn(NO$_3$)$_2$ is disconnected from the cell, and the tin electrode is then connected to an outside source of current. Over the course of 10.0 minutes, 1.65 g of tin plates out onto the electrode. What is the amperage of the current source? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "4.47",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "4.47",
"id": "scemqa_oe--119",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A galvanic cell is set up according to the following diagram. The beaker of Sn(NO$_3$)$_2$ is disconnected from the cell, and the tin electrode is then connected to an outside source of current. Over the course of 10.0 minutes, 1.65 g of tin plates out onto the electrode. What is the amperage of the current source? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>0.10 mol of solid gallium initially at room temperature is heated at a constant rate, and its temperature is tracked, leading to the above graph. Calculate the specific heat capacity of solid gallium in J g$^{-1}$ °C$^{-1}$. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "0.344",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "0.344",
"id": "scemqa_oe--120",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>0.10 mol of solid gallium initially at room temperature is heated at a constant rate, and its temperature is tracked, leading to the above graph. Calculate the specific heat capacity of solid gallium in J g$^{-1}$ °C$^{-1}$. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>0.10 mol of solid gallium initially at room temperature is heated at a constant rate, and its temperature is tracked, leading to the above graph. The gallium continues to be heated until it fully boils. Assume ideal behavior for the gallium gas. The reaction described is the phase transition of gallium from liquid to gas: \\text{Ga(l)} \\rightarrow \\text{Ga(g)}. For the substances involved, the standard enthalpy change (\\( H^\\circ \\)) in \\(\\text{kJ mol}^{-1}\\) is given as: For $\\text{Ga(l)}\\), \\( H^\\circ \\) is \\(5.60 \\text{ kJ mol}^{-1}$ For \\text{Ga(g)}\\), \\( H^\\circ \\) is \\(277.1 \\text{ kJ mol}^{-1}\\). Calculate the enthalpy of vaporization for gallium in kJ mol$^{-1}$ given the above data. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "271.5",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "271.5",
"id": "scemqa_oe--121",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>0.10 mol of solid gallium initially at room temperature is heated at a constant rate, and its temperature is tracked, leading to the above graph. The gallium continues to be heated until it fully boils. Assume ideal behavior for the gallium gas. The reaction described is the phase transition of gallium from liquid to gas: \\text{Ga(l)} \\rightarrow \\text{Ga(g)}. For the substances involved, the standard enthalpy change (\\( H^\\circ \\)) in \\(\\text{kJ mol}^{-1}\\) is given as: For $\\text{Ga(l)}\\), \\( H^\\circ \\) is \\(5.60 \\text{ kJ mol}^{-1}$ For \\text{Ga(g)}\\), \\( H^\\circ \\) is \\(277.1 \\text{ kJ mol}^{-1}\\). Calculate the enthalpy of vaporization for gallium in kJ mol$^{-1}$ given the above data. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>0.10 mol of solid gallium initially at room temperature is heated at a constant rate, and its temperature is tracked, leading to the above graph. The gallium continues to be heated until it fully boils. Assume ideal behavior for the gallium gas. The reaction described is the phase transition of gallium from liquid to gas: \\text{Ga(l)} \\rightarrow \\text{Ga(g)}. For the substances involved, the standard enthalpy change (\\( H^\\circ \\)) in \\(\\text{kJ mol}^{-1}\\) is given as: For $\\text{Ga(l)}\\), \\( H^\\circ \\) is \\(5.60 \\text{ kJ mol}^{-1}$ For \\text{Ga(g)}\\), \\( H^\\circ \\) is \\(277.1 \\text{ kJ mol}^{-1}\\). Given the enthalpy of vaporization for gallium as 271.5 kJ mol$^{-1}$, and that ΔS° = 113.4 J mol$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$ for the boiling of gallium, what is the boiling point of the gallium in K? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "2394",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "2394",
"id": "scemqa_oe--122",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>0.10 mol of solid gallium initially at room temperature is heated at a constant rate, and its temperature is tracked, leading to the above graph. The gallium continues to be heated until it fully boils. Assume ideal behavior for the gallium gas. The reaction described is the phase transition of gallium from liquid to gas: \\text{Ga(l)} \\rightarrow \\text{Ga(g)}. For the substances involved, the standard enthalpy change (\\( H^\\circ \\)) in \\(\\text{kJ mol}^{-1}\\) is given as: For $\\text{Ga(l)}\\), \\( H^\\circ \\) is \\(5.60 \\text{ kJ mol}^{-1}$ For \\text{Ga(g)}\\), \\( H^\\circ \\) is \\(277.1 \\text{ kJ mol}^{-1}\\). Given the enthalpy of vaporization for gallium as 271.5 kJ mol$^{-1}$, and that ΔS° = 113.4 J mol$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$ for the boiling of gallium, what is the boiling point of the gallium in K? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>5.00 g of PbCl$_2$ is added to 300 mL of water in a 400 mL beaker, which is then heated for 10 minutes. At the end of the heating period, some solid PbCl$_2$ is still present at the bottom of the beaker, and the solution is cooled to room temperature before being left out overnight. The next day, 100 mL of the saturated solution is decanted into a separate 250 mL beaker, taking care not to transfer any remaining solid. 100 mL of 0.75 $M$ KI solution is added, causing the following precipitation reaction to go to completion. Pb$^{2+}$ + 2I$^-$ → PbI$_2$(s). The PbI$_2$ is filtered out, dried, and massed. The mass of the precipitate is found to be 0.747 g. How many moles of Pb$^{2+}$ are in the PbI$_2$ precipitate? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "0.00162",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "0.00162",
"id": "scemqa_oe--123",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>5.00 g of PbCl$_2$ is added to 300 mL of water in a 400 mL beaker, which is then heated for 10 minutes. At the end of the heating period, some solid PbCl$_2$ is still present at the bottom of the beaker, and the solution is cooled to room temperature before being left out overnight. The next day, 100 mL of the saturated solution is decanted into a separate 250 mL beaker, taking care not to transfer any remaining solid. 100 mL of 0.75 $M$ KI solution is added, causing the following precipitation reaction to go to completion. Pb$^{2+}$ + 2I$^-$ → PbI$_2$(s). The PbI$_2$ is filtered out, dried, and massed. The mass of the precipitate is found to be 0.747 g. How many moles of Pb$^{2+}$ are in the PbI$_2$ precipitate? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>5.00 g of PbCl$_2$ is added to 300 mL of water in a 400 mL beaker, which is then heated for 10 minutes. At the end of the heating period, some solid PbCl$_2$ is still present at the bottom of the beaker, and the solution is cooled to room temperature before being left out overnight. The next day, 100 mL of the saturated solution is decanted into a separate 250 mL beaker, taking care not to transfer any remaining solid. 100 mL of 0.75 $M$ KI solution is added, causing the following precipitation reaction to go to completion. Pb$^{2+}$ + 2I$^-$ → PbI$_2$(s). The PbI$_2$ is filtered out, dried, and massed. The mass of the precipitate is found to be 0.747 g. What is the concentration of Pb$^{2+}$ in the saturated solution that was decanted from the beaker? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "0.016",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "0.016",
"id": "scemqa_oe--124",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>5.00 g of PbCl$_2$ is added to 300 mL of water in a 400 mL beaker, which is then heated for 10 minutes. At the end of the heating period, some solid PbCl$_2$ is still present at the bottom of the beaker, and the solution is cooled to room temperature before being left out overnight. The next day, 100 mL of the saturated solution is decanted into a separate 250 mL beaker, taking care not to transfer any remaining solid. 100 mL of 0.75 $M$ KI solution is added, causing the following precipitation reaction to go to completion. Pb$^{2+}$ + 2I$^-$ → PbI$_2$(s). The PbI$_2$ is filtered out, dried, and massed. The mass of the precipitate is found to be 0.747 g. What is the concentration of Pb$^{2+}$ in the saturated solution that was decanted from the beaker? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>5.00 g of PbCl$_2$ is added to 300 mL of water in a 400 mL beaker, which is then heated for 10 minutes. At the end of the heating period, some solid PbCl$_2$ is still present at the bottom of the beaker, and the solution is cooled to room temperature before being left out overnight. The next day, 100 mL of the saturated solution is decanted into a separate 250 mL beaker, taking care not to transfer any remaining solid. 100 mL of 0.75 $M$ KI solution is added, causing the following precipitation reaction to go to completion. Pb$^{2+}$ + 2I$^-$ → PbI$_2$(s). The PbI$_2$ is filtered out, dried, and massed. The mass of the precipitate is found to be 0.747 g. Calculate the solubility product constant, K$_{sp}$, for PbCl$_2$. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "1.63e-5",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "1.63e-5",
"id": "scemqa_oe--125",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>5.00 g of PbCl$_2$ is added to 300 mL of water in a 400 mL beaker, which is then heated for 10 minutes. At the end of the heating period, some solid PbCl$_2$ is still present at the bottom of the beaker, and the solution is cooled to room temperature before being left out overnight. The next day, 100 mL of the saturated solution is decanted into a separate 250 mL beaker, taking care not to transfer any remaining solid. 100 mL of 0.75 $M$ KI solution is added, causing the following precipitation reaction to go to completion. Pb$^{2+}$ + 2I$^-$ → PbI$_2$(s). The PbI$_2$ is filtered out, dried, and massed. The mass of the precipitate is found to be 0.747 g. Calculate the solubility product constant, K$_{sp}$, for PbCl$_2$. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A sample of liquid butane (C$_4$H$_{10}$) in a pressurized lighter is set up directly beneath an aluminum can, as show in the diagram above. The can contains 100.0 mL of water, and when the butane is ignited, the temperature of the water inside the can increases from 25.0°C to 82.3°C. The total mass of butane ignited is found to be 0.51 g, the specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g·°C, and the density of water is 1.00 g/mL. How much heat did the water gain in kJ? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "24",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "24",
"id": "scemqa_oe--126",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A sample of liquid butane (C$_4$H$_{10}$) in a pressurized lighter is set up directly beneath an aluminum can, as show in the diagram above. The can contains 100.0 mL of water, and when the butane is ignited, the temperature of the water inside the can increases from 25.0°C to 82.3°C. The total mass of butane ignited is found to be 0.51 g, the specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g·°C, and the density of water is 1.00 g/mL. How much heat did the water gain in kJ? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A sample of liquid butane (C$_4$H$_{10}$) in a pressurized lighter is set up directly beneath an aluminum can, as show in the diagram above. The can contains 100.0 mL of water, and when the butane is ignited, the temperature of the water inside the can increases from 25.0°C to 82.3°C. The total mass of butane ignited is found to be 0.51 g, the specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g·°C, and the density of water is 1.00 g/mL. What is the experimentally determined heat of combustion for butane based on this experiment? Your answer should be in kJ/mol. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "-2700",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "-2700",
"id": "scemqa_oe--127",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A sample of liquid butane (C$_4$H$_{10}$) in a pressurized lighter is set up directly beneath an aluminum can, as show in the diagram above. The can contains 100.0 mL of water, and when the butane is ignited, the temperature of the water inside the can increases from 25.0°C to 82.3°C. The total mass of butane ignited is found to be 0.51 g, the specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g·°C, and the density of water is 1.00 g/mL. What is the experimentally determined heat of combustion for butane based on this experiment? Your answer should be in kJ/mol. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A sample of liquid butane (C$_4$H$_{10}$) in a pressurized lighter is set up directly beneath an aluminum can, as show in the diagram above. The can contains 100.0 mL of water, and when the butane is ignited, the temperature of the water inside the can increases from 25.0°C to 82.3°C. The total mass of butane ignited is found to be 0.51 g, the specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g·°C, and the density of water is 1.00 g/mL. Given butane's density of 0.573 g/mL at 25°C, calculate how much heat (in kJ) would be emitted if 5.00 mL of it were combusted at that temperature. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "130",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "130",
"id": "scemqa_oe--128",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A sample of liquid butane (C$_4$H$_{10}$) in a pressurized lighter is set up directly beneath an aluminum can, as show in the diagram above. The can contains 100.0 mL of water, and when the butane is ignited, the temperature of the water inside the can increases from 25.0°C to 82.3°C. The total mass of butane ignited is found to be 0.51 g, the specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g·°C, and the density of water is 1.00 g/mL. Given butane's density of 0.573 g/mL at 25°C, calculate how much heat (in kJ) would be emitted if 5.00 mL of it were combusted at that temperature. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Current is run through an aqueous solution of nickel (II) fluoride, and a gas is evolved at the right-hand electrode, as indicated by the diagram below. The standard reduction potential for several reactions is given as follows: For the half-cell reaction of fluorine gas, where fluorine is reduced to fluoride ions, the standard reduction potential is \\( +2.87 \\) volts: $$ \\text{F}_2(g) + 2 \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow 2 \\text{F}^- $$ For the reduction of oxygen gas in the presence of protons to form water, the standard reduction potential is \\( +1.23 \\) volts: $$ \\text{O}_2(g) + 4 \\text{H}^+ + 4 \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow 2 \\text{H}_2\\text{O}(l) $$ For the reduction of nickel ions to solid nickel, the standard reduction potential is \\( -0.25 \\) volts: $$ \\text{Ni}^{2+} + 2 \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow \\text{Ni}(s) $$ Finally, for the reduction of water to hydrogen gas and hydroxide ions, the standard reduction potential is \\( -0.83 \\) volts: $$ 2 \\text{H}_2\\text{O}(l) + 2 \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow \\text{H}_2(g) + 2 \\text{OH}^- $$. Calculate the standard cell potential of the cell. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "-1.48",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "-1.48",
"id": "scemqa_oe--129",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Current is run through an aqueous solution of nickel (II) fluoride, and a gas is evolved at the right-hand electrode, as indicated by the diagram below. The standard reduction potential for several reactions is given as follows: For the half-cell reaction of fluorine gas, where fluorine is reduced to fluoride ions, the standard reduction potential is \\( +2.87 \\) volts: $$ \\text{F}_2(g) + 2 \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow 2 \\text{F}^- $$ For the reduction of oxygen gas in the presence of protons to form water, the standard reduction potential is \\( +1.23 \\) volts: $$ \\text{O}_2(g) + 4 \\text{H}^+ + 4 \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow 2 \\text{H}_2\\text{O}(l) $$ For the reduction of nickel ions to solid nickel, the standard reduction potential is \\( -0.25 \\) volts: $$ \\text{Ni}^{2+} + 2 \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow \\text{Ni}(s) $$ Finally, for the reduction of water to hydrogen gas and hydroxide ions, the standard reduction potential is \\( -0.83 \\) volts: $$ 2 \\text{H}_2\\text{O}(l) + 2 \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow \\text{H}_2(g) + 2 \\text{OH}^- $$. Calculate the standard cell potential of the cell. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Current is run through an aqueous solution of nickel (II) fluoride, and a gas is evolved at the right-hand electrode, as indicated by the diagram below. The standard reduction potential for several reactions is given as follows: For the half-cell reaction of fluorine gas, where fluorine is reduced to fluoride ions, the standard reduction potential is \\( +2.87 \\) volts: $$ \\text{F}_2(g) + 2 \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow 2 \\text{F}^- $$ For the reduction of oxygen gas in the presence of protons to form water, the standard reduction potential is \\( +1.23 \\) volts: $$ \\text{O}_2(g) + 4 \\text{H}^+ + 4 \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow 2 \\text{H}_2\\text{O}(l) $$ For the reduction of nickel ions to solid nickel, the standard reduction potential is \\( -0.25 \\) volts: $$ \\text{Ni}^{2+} + 2 \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow \\text{Ni}(s) $$ Finally, for the reduction of water to hydrogen gas and hydroxide ions, the standard reduction potential is \\( -0.83 \\) volts: $$ 2 \\text{H}_2\\text{O}(l) + 2 \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow \\text{H}_2(g) + 2 \\text{OH}^- $$. Calculate the Gibbs free energy value (in kJ) for the cell at standard conditions. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "380",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "380",
"id": "scemqa_oe--130",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Current is run through an aqueous solution of nickel (II) fluoride, and a gas is evolved at the right-hand electrode, as indicated by the diagram below. The standard reduction potential for several reactions is given as follows: For the half-cell reaction of fluorine gas, where fluorine is reduced to fluoride ions, the standard reduction potential is \\( +2.87 \\) volts: $$ \\text{F}_2(g) + 2 \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow 2 \\text{F}^- $$ For the reduction of oxygen gas in the presence of protons to form water, the standard reduction potential is \\( +1.23 \\) volts: $$ \\text{O}_2(g) + 4 \\text{H}^+ + 4 \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow 2 \\text{H}_2\\text{O}(l) $$ For the reduction of nickel ions to solid nickel, the standard reduction potential is \\( -0.25 \\) volts: $$ \\text{Ni}^{2+} + 2 \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow \\text{Ni}(s) $$ Finally, for the reduction of water to hydrogen gas and hydroxide ions, the standard reduction potential is \\( -0.83 \\) volts: $$ 2 \\text{H}_2\\text{O}(l) + 2 \\text{e}^- \\rightarrow \\text{H}_2(g) + 2 \\text{OH}^- $$. Calculate the Gibbs free energy value (in kJ) for the cell at standard conditions. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The standard free energy change, ΔG°, for the reaction above is –801 kJ/mol$_{rxn}$ at 298 K. Use the figure of bond dissociation energies to find ΔH° for the reaction in the figure. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "-800",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "-800",
"id": "scemqa_oe--131",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The standard free energy change, ΔG°, for the reaction above is –801 kJ/mol$_{rxn}$ at 298 K. Use the figure of bond dissociation energies to find ΔH° for the reaction in the figure. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The standard free energy change, ΔG°, for the reaction above is –801 kJ/mol$_{rxn}$ at 298 K. How many grams of methane must react with excess oxygen in order to release 1500 kJ of heat? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "30",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "30",
"id": "scemqa_oe--132",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The standard free energy change, ΔG°, for the reaction above is –801 kJ/mol$_{rxn}$ at 298 K. How many grams of methane must react with excess oxygen in order to release 1500 kJ of heat? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The standard free energy change, ΔG°, for the reaction above is –801 kJ/mol$_{rxn}$ at 298 K. What is the value of ΔS° (in J/K) for the reaction at 298 K? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "3",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "3",
"id": "scemqa_oe--133",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The standard free energy change, ΔG°, for the reaction above is –801 kJ/mol$_{rxn}$ at 298 K. What is the value of ΔS° (in J/K) for the reaction at 298 K? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>For the boiling of methanol, CH$_3$OH, ∆H° = +37.6 kJ/mol and ∆S° = +111 J/mol • K. What is the boiling point of methanol in degrees Celsius? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "65.9",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "65.9",
"id": "scemqa_oe--134",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>For the boiling of methanol, CH$_3$OH, ∆H° = +37.6 kJ/mol and ∆S° = +111 J/mol • K. What is the boiling point of methanol in degrees Celsius? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>For the boiling of methanol, CH$_3$OH, ∆H° = +37.6 kJ/mol and ∆S° = +111 J/mol • K. How much heat is required to boil 50.0 mL of ethanol if the density of ethanol is 0.789 g/mL? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "46.2",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "46.2",
"id": "scemqa_oe--135",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>For the boiling of methanol, CH$_3$OH, ∆H° = +37.6 kJ/mol and ∆S° = +111 J/mol • K. How much heat is required to boil 50.0 mL of ethanol if the density of ethanol is 0.789 g/mL? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Ammonia gas reacts with dinitrogen monoxide via the following reaction: 2NH$_3$ (g) + 3N$_2$O(g) → 4N$_2$ (g) + 3H$_2$O(g) The absolute entropy values for the varying substances are listed in the figure. Calculate the entropy value for the overall reaction. Several bond enthalpies are listed in below: The enthalpies of various bonds are given as: The N-H bond has an enthalpy of \\( 388 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N-O bond has an enthalpy of \\( 210 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N=O bond has an enthalpy of \\( 630 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N=N bond has an enthalpy of \\( 409 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N\\(\\equiv\\)N bond has an enthalpy of \\( 941 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The O-H bond has an enthalpy of \\( 463 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). Calculate the enthalpy value for the overall reaction (in J/mol×K). (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "289",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "289",
"id": "scemqa_oe--136",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Ammonia gas reacts with dinitrogen monoxide via the following reaction: 2NH$_3$ (g) + 3N$_2$O(g) → 4N$_2$ (g) + 3H$_2$O(g) The absolute entropy values for the varying substances are listed in the figure. Calculate the entropy value for the overall reaction. Several bond enthalpies are listed in below: The enthalpies of various bonds are given as: The N-H bond has an enthalpy of \\( 388 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N-O bond has an enthalpy of \\( 210 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N=O bond has an enthalpy of \\( 630 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N=N bond has an enthalpy of \\( 409 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N\\(\\equiv\\)N bond has an enthalpy of \\( 941 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The O-H bond has an enthalpy of \\( 463 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). Calculate the enthalpy value for the overall reaction (in J/mol×K). (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Ammonia gas reacts with dinitrogen monoxide via the following reaction: 2NH$_3$ (g) + 3N$_2$O(g) → 4N$_2$ (g) + 3H$_2$O(g) The absolute entropy values for the varying substances are listed in the figure. Calculate the entropy value for the overall reaction. Several bond enthalpies are listed in below: The enthalpies of various bonds are given as: The N-H bond has an enthalpy of \\( 388 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N-O bond has an enthalpy of \\( 210 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N=O bond has an enthalpy of \\( 630 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N=N bond has an enthalpy of \\( 409 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N\\(\\equiv\\)N bond has an enthalpy of \\( 941 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The O-H bond has an enthalpy of \\( 463 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). Calculate the enthalpy value for the overall reaction. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "-434",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "-434",
"id": "scemqa_oe--137",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Ammonia gas reacts with dinitrogen monoxide via the following reaction: 2NH$_3$ (g) + 3N$_2$O(g) → 4N$_2$ (g) + 3H$_2$O(g) The absolute entropy values for the varying substances are listed in the figure. Calculate the entropy value for the overall reaction. Several bond enthalpies are listed in below: The enthalpies of various bonds are given as: The N-H bond has an enthalpy of \\( 388 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N-O bond has an enthalpy of \\( 210 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N=O bond has an enthalpy of \\( 630 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N=N bond has an enthalpy of \\( 409 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N\\(\\equiv\\)N bond has an enthalpy of \\( 941 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The O-H bond has an enthalpy of \\( 463 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). Calculate the enthalpy value for the overall reaction. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Ammonia gas reacts with dinitrogen monoxide via the following reaction: 2NH$_3$ (g) + 3N$_2$O(g) → 4N$_2$ (g) + 3H$_2$O(g) The absolute entropy values for the varying substances are listed in the figure. Calculate the entropy value for the overall reaction. Several bond enthalpies are listed in below: The enthalpies of various bonds are given as: The N-H bond has an enthalpy of \\( 388 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N-O bond has an enthalpy of \\( 210 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N=O bond has an enthalpy of \\( 630 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N=N bond has an enthalpy of \\( 409 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N\\(\\equiv\\)N bond has an enthalpy of \\( 941 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The O-H bond has an enthalpy of \\( 463 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). If 25.00 g of NH$_3$ reacts with 25.00 g of N$_2$O: What is the magnitude of the energy change? \n (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "-82.16",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "-82.16",
"id": "scemqa_oe--138",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Ammonia gas reacts with dinitrogen monoxide via the following reaction: 2NH$_3$ (g) + 3N$_2$O(g) → 4N$_2$ (g) + 3H$_2$O(g) The absolute entropy values for the varying substances are listed in the figure. Calculate the entropy value for the overall reaction. Several bond enthalpies are listed in below: The enthalpies of various bonds are given as: The N-H bond has an enthalpy of \\( 388 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N-O bond has an enthalpy of \\( 210 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N=O bond has an enthalpy of \\( 630 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N=N bond has an enthalpy of \\( 409 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The N\\(\\equiv\\)N bond has an enthalpy of \\( 941 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). The O-H bond has an enthalpy of \\( 463 \\text{ kJ/mol} \\). If 25.00 g of NH$_3$ reacts with 25.00 g of N$_2$O: What is the magnitude of the energy change? \n (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered during one of the trials. Given that the specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g·°C and assuming its density is exactly 1.00 g/mL, calculate the heat (in J) gained by the water. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "376",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "376",
"id": "scemqa_oe--139",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered during one of the trials. Given that the specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g·°C and assuming its density is exactly 1.00 g/mL, calculate the heat (in J) gained by the water. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered during one of the trials. Calculate the specific heat (J/g·°C) of aluminum from the experimental data given. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "0.780",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "0.780",
"id": "scemqa_oe--140",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered during one of the trials. Calculate the specific heat (J/g·°C) of aluminum from the experimental data given. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered during one of the trials. Calculate the enthalpy change for the cooling of aluminum in water in kJ/mol. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "1.73",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "1.73",
"id": "scemqa_oe--141",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered during one of the trials. Calculate the enthalpy change for the cooling of aluminum in water in kJ/mol. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered during one of the trials. If the accepted specific heat of aluminum is 0.900 J/g·°C, calculate the percent error. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "13.3",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "13.3",
"id": "scemqa_oe--142",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A student designs an experiment to determine the specific heat of aluminum. The student heats a piece of aluminum with a mass of 5.86 g to various temperatures, then drops it into a calorimeter containing 25.0 mL of water. The following data in the figure is gathered during one of the trials. If the accepted specific heat of aluminum is 0.900 J/g·°C, calculate the percent error. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A student tests the conductivity of three different acid samples, each with a concentration of 0.10 M and a volume of 20.0 mL. The conductivity was recorded in microsiemens per centimeter in the figure. The HCl solution is then titrated with a 0.150 M solution of the weak base methylamine, CH$_3$NH$_2$ . (K$_b$ = 4.38 × 10$^{–4}$). Determine the pH of the solution after 20.0 mL of methylamine has been added. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "10.34",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "10.34",
"id": "scemqa_oe--143",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A student tests the conductivity of three different acid samples, each with a concentration of 0.10 M and a volume of 20.0 mL. The conductivity was recorded in microsiemens per centimeter in the figure. The HCl solution is then titrated with a 0.150 M solution of the weak base methylamine, CH$_3$NH$_2$ . (K$_b$ = 4.38 × 10$^{–4}$). Determine the pH of the solution after 20.0 mL of methylamine has been added. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Two electrodes are inserted into a solution of nickel (II) fluoride and a current of 2.20 A is run through them. A list of standard reduction potentials is in the figure. How long (in seconds) would it take to create 1.2 g of Ni(s) at the cathode? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "1790",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "1790",
"id": "scemqa_oe--144",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Two electrodes are inserted into a solution of nickel (II) fluoride and a current of 2.20 A is run through them. A list of standard reduction potentials is in the figure. How long (in seconds) would it take to create 1.2 g of Ni(s) at the cathode? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A + 2B → 2C. The following results in the figure were obtained in experiments designed to study the rate of the reaction above. Calculate the value of the rate constant, k, for the reaction (in the unit of M$^{−1}$sec$^{−1}). (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "1.2",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "1.2",
"id": "scemqa_oe--145",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A + 2B → 2C. The following results in the figure were obtained in experiments designed to study the rate of the reaction above. Calculate the value of the rate constant, k, for the reaction (in the unit of M$^{−1}$sec$^{−1}). (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A + 2B → 2C. The following results in the figure were obtained in experiments designed to study the rate of the reaction above. If another experiment is attempted with [A] and [B], both 0.02-molar, what would be the initial rate (in M/sec) of disappearance of A? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "4.8e-4",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "4.8e-4",
"id": "scemqa_oe--146",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A + 2B → 2C. The following results in the figure were obtained in experiments designed to study the rate of the reaction above. If another experiment is attempted with [A] and [B], both 0.02-molar, what would be the initial rate (in M/sec) of disappearance of A? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>2N$_2$O$_5$ (g) → 4NO$_2$ (g) + O$_2$ (g) The data in the figure below was gathered for the decomposition of N$_2$O$_5$ at 310 K via the equation above. What is the rate of appearance of NO$_2$ compare to the rate of disappearance of N$_2$O$_5$ ? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "0.5",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "0.5",
"id": "scemqa_oe--147",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>2N$_2$O$_5$ (g) → 4NO$_2$ (g) + O$_2$ (g) The data in the figure below was gathered for the decomposition of N$_2$O$_5$ at 310 K via the equation above. What is the rate of appearance of NO$_2$ compare to the rate of disappearance of N$_2$O$_5$ ? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>2N$_2$O$_5$ (g) → 4NO$_2$ (g) + O$_2$ (g) The data in the figure below was gathered for the decomposition of N$_2$O$_5$ at 310 K via the equation above. What is the rate constant for this reaction in the unit of $s^{-1}$? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "5.4e-4",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "5.4e-4",
"id": "scemqa_oe--148",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>2N$_2$O$_5$ (g) → 4NO$_2$ (g) + O$_2$ (g) The data in the figure below was gathered for the decomposition of N$_2$O$_5$ at 310 K via the equation above. What is the rate constant for this reaction in the unit of $s^{-1}$? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>2N$_2$O$_5$ (g) → 4NO$_2$ (g) + O$_2$ (g) The data in the figure below was gathered for the decomposition of N$_2$O$_5$ at 310 K via the equation above. What would the concentration of N$_2$O$_5$ in the unit of M be at t = 1500 s? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "0.111",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "0.111",
"id": "scemqa_oe--149",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>2N$_2$O$_5$ (g) → 4NO$_2$ (g) + O$_2$ (g) The data in the figure below was gathered for the decomposition of N$_2$O$_5$ at 310 K via the equation above. What would the concentration of N$_2$O$_5$ in the unit of M be at t = 1500 s? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>In a city in Australia there is a population of moths that live in the grass, rarely taking flight except for short journeys. There are two phenotypes for wing color: green and beige. The largest predator of moths are birds and bats that prey upon the moths as they rest upon blades of grass. Green moths fare better in wet conditions when the grass takes on a lush green color and beige moths fare better in dry conditions when the grass turns a dry brown color.\nIdentify which color moth was the most plentiful between 1969 and 1995? (Answer is a single word.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "Beige",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "Beige",
"id": "scemqa_oe--150",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>In a city in Australia there is a population of moths that live in the grass, rarely taking flight except for short journeys. There are two phenotypes for wing color: green and beige. The largest predator of moths are birds and bats that prey upon the moths as they rest upon blades of grass. Green moths fare better in wet conditions when the grass takes on a lush green color and beige moths fare better in dry conditions when the grass turns a dry brown color.\nIdentify which color moth was the most plentiful between 1969 and 1995? (Answer is a single word.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>In this Figure , the values above branches indicate bootstrapped confidence values. Branch lengths are proportional to percent similarity in viral envelope gene sequence. TBE: tick borne encephalitis; TSE: Turkish sheep encephalitis; GGE: Greek goat encephalitis; LI: louping ill virus; SSE: Spanish sheep encephalitis; KFD: Kyasanur Forest disease virus; TYU: Tyuleniy virus; SRE: Saumarez Reef virus.\nAre YF and SRE are LEAST similar to GGE. （Yes or No）",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "Yes",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "Yes",
"id": "scemqa_oe--151",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>In this Figure , the values above branches indicate bootstrapped confidence values. Branch lengths are proportional to percent similarity in viral envelope gene sequence. TBE: tick borne encephalitis; TSE: Turkish sheep encephalitis; GGE: Greek goat encephalitis; LI: louping ill virus; SSE: Spanish sheep encephalitis; KFD: Kyasanur Forest disease virus; TYU: Tyuleniy virus; SRE: Saumarez Reef virus.\nAre YF and SRE are LEAST similar to GGE. （Yes or No）"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Researchers were interested in the effect of temperature on the respiration rate of crickets. Three chambers were prepared and kept at three different temperatures. A cricket was placed in each chamber. The CO2 levels in the chamber were recorded at 0 minutes, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes to assess the changing levels of CO2 over time. This process was repeated 50 times at each temperature. The results are indicated in the figure. Identify which temperature was associated with the highest respiration rate in the crickets. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "35",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "35",
"id": "scemqa_oe--152",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Researchers were interested in the effect of temperature on the respiration rate of crickets. Three chambers were prepared and kept at three different temperatures. A cricket was placed in each chamber. The CO2 levels in the chamber were recorded at 0 minutes, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes to assess the changing levels of CO2 over time. This process was repeated 50 times at each temperature. The results are indicated in the figure. Identify which temperature was associated with the highest respiration rate in the crickets. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Schizosaccharomyces pombe, or fission yeast, has a cell cycle that resembles that of mammalian cells. During interphase, fission yeast grow to twice their normal size, and at the end of mitosis, both daughter offspring are equal in size to the original parent cell. Genes that regulate the division of fission yeast are known as cell-division cycle, or cdc, genes.\n\nThe following experiments were conducted to determine the effect of cdc gene mutations on yeast cell division.\n\nExperiment 1\n\nIn order to determine the effect of cdc mutations, wild-type cells and mutants were grown at 37°C in the presence of a radioactive drug that specifically binds to the spindle apparatus. Stages of the cell cycle were elucidated for both cell types incubated at this temperature. At 37°C, temperature-sensitive cdc mutants were unable to re-enter interphase after mitosis. The illustration below depicts the results for wild-type cells and cdc mutants.\nExperiment 2\n\nCdc mutants were initially incubated at 25°C for 30 minutes and several rounds of mitosis occurred. Separate colonies were then exposed to temperatures near 37°C at different times during the cell cycle. For each colony, the cell cycle was arrested immediately after the last phase of mitosis.\n\n If the cdc mutants were initially incubated at 37°C and then switched to 25°C，would the mutants grow? (Yes or No)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "No",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "No",
"id": "scemqa_oe--153",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Schizosaccharomyces pombe, or fission yeast, has a cell cycle that resembles that of mammalian cells. During interphase, fission yeast grow to twice their normal size, and at the end of mitosis, both daughter offspring are equal in size to the original parent cell. Genes that regulate the division of fission yeast are known as cell-division cycle, or cdc, genes.\n\nThe following experiments were conducted to determine the effect of cdc gene mutations on yeast cell division.\n\nExperiment 1\n\nIn order to determine the effect of cdc mutations, wild-type cells and mutants were grown at 37°C in the presence of a radioactive drug that specifically binds to the spindle apparatus. Stages of the cell cycle were elucidated for both cell types incubated at this temperature. At 37°C, temperature-sensitive cdc mutants were unable to re-enter interphase after mitosis. The illustration below depicts the results for wild-type cells and cdc mutants.\nExperiment 2\n\nCdc mutants were initially incubated at 25°C for 30 minutes and several rounds of mitosis occurred. Separate colonies were then exposed to temperatures near 37°C at different times during the cell cycle. For each colony, the cell cycle was arrested immediately after the last phase of mitosis.\n\n If the cdc mutants were initially incubated at 37°C and then switched to 25°C，would the mutants grow? (Yes or No)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The diagram above is a pedigree of three generations showing the occurrence of two genetically transmitted diseases. Phenotypes of affected individuals are shown. Circles represent females, and squares represent males. Assume that the diseases are rare, unlinked, and that individuals not blood related to I-a and I-b (\"in-laws\") do not have either disease-producing allele.\nCalculate the ratios of affected males and affected females for Disease 2. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "5/21",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "5/21",
"id": "scemqa_oe--154",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The diagram above is a pedigree of three generations showing the occurrence of two genetically transmitted diseases. Phenotypes of affected individuals are shown. Circles represent females, and squares represent males. Assume that the diseases are rare, unlinked, and that individuals not blood related to I-a and I-b (\"in-laws\") do not have either disease-producing allele.\nCalculate the ratios of affected males and affected females for Disease 2. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The diagram above is a pedigree of three generations showing the occurrence of two genetically transmitted diseases. Phenotypes of affected individuals are shown. Circles represent females, and squares represent males. Assume that the diseases are rare, unlinked, and that individuals not blood related to I-a and I-b (\"in-laws\") do not have either disease-producing allele.\nCalculate the ratios of affected females for Disease 2. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "0",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "0",
"id": "scemqa_oe--155",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The diagram above is a pedigree of three generations showing the occurrence of two genetically transmitted diseases. Phenotypes of affected individuals are shown. Circles represent females, and squares represent males. Assume that the diseases are rare, unlinked, and that individuals not blood related to I-a and I-b (\"in-laws\") do not have either disease-producing allele.\nCalculate the ratios of affected females for Disease 2. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>In this fictional scenario, an enzyme was discovered in reptile feces, gertimtonase, that was believed to aid in digestion and water retention. Researchers wanted to know how the enzyme's activity level changed with varying temperature. The scientists took fecal samples of Russian tortoises that were living in varying environmental temperatures. The data was summarized in the following graph.\nDesert tortoises live in environments where the ground temperature can exceed 60°C. Using the data above, predict how the graph would look for desert tortoise gertimtonase. Would the graph's peak would shift to the higher temperatures? (Yes or No)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "Yes",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "Yes",
"id": "scemqa_oe--156",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>In this fictional scenario, an enzyme was discovered in reptile feces, gertimtonase, that was believed to aid in digestion and water retention. Researchers wanted to know how the enzyme's activity level changed with varying temperature. The scientists took fecal samples of Russian tortoises that were living in varying environmental temperatures. The data was summarized in the following graph.\nDesert tortoises live in environments where the ground temperature can exceed 60°C. Using the data above, predict how the graph would look for desert tortoise gertimtonase. Would the graph's peak would shift to the higher temperatures? (Yes or No)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance on the part of the body's tissues. Onset is usually much later in life and highly associated with obesity. A recent study evaluated the relative dysfunction of mitochondria of individuals who were lean, obese, and diabetic (type 2). Muscle biopsies were taken both prior to and after a twenty-week exercise program. The mitochondrial mass was measured by cardiolipin, the citric acid cycle was measured by citrate synthase, and electron transport chain activity was measured by NADH oxidase levels. The results are shown below in the table.\n\nTable 1. Mean (upper rows) and standard error (lower rows) measurements for markers of ETC activity, in relative units normalized to creatine kinase activity.\nIdentify which group did not show an increase in cardiolipin after exercise was done. (Answer is a single word.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "Obese",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "Obese",
"id": "scemqa_oe--157",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance on the part of the body's tissues. Onset is usually much later in life and highly associated with obesity. A recent study evaluated the relative dysfunction of mitochondria of individuals who were lean, obese, and diabetic (type 2). Muscle biopsies were taken both prior to and after a twenty-week exercise program. The mitochondrial mass was measured by cardiolipin, the citric acid cycle was measured by citrate synthase, and electron transport chain activity was measured by NADH oxidase levels. The results are shown below in the table.\n\nTable 1. Mean (upper rows) and standard error (lower rows) measurements for markers of ETC activity, in relative units normalized to creatine kinase activity.\nIdentify which group did not show an increase in cardiolipin after exercise was done. (Answer is a single word.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Identify the number of species with no natural predator on this food web. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "7 ",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "7 ",
"id": "scemqa_oe--158",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Identify the number of species with no natural predator on this food web. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Basking sharks, which can grow up to 10 m in length, have been recorded jumping out of the water as high and as fast as great white sharks. Marine biologists are unsure why they do this but have pointed to this phenomenon as evidence of how much we still have to learn about marine life. The sharks are speculated to jump out of the water only off the shores of Scotland, where they have been observed previously. A team of scientists wanted to determine if basking sharks in other areas of northern Europe can jump to similar heights. The following data were obtained by that team.\nBasking sharks are endotherms like most other sharks. Predict how the environment may differ between the Cornwall sampling site and the Isle of Man site, would the temperature increase or decrease? (Answer is a single word.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "Increase",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "Increase",
"id": "scemqa_oe--159",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Basking sharks, which can grow up to 10 m in length, have been recorded jumping out of the water as high and as fast as great white sharks. Marine biologists are unsure why they do this but have pointed to this phenomenon as evidence of how much we still have to learn about marine life. The sharks are speculated to jump out of the water only off the shores of Scotland, where they have been observed previously. A team of scientists wanted to determine if basking sharks in other areas of northern Europe can jump to similar heights. The following data were obtained by that team.\nBasking sharks are endotherms like most other sharks. Predict how the environment may differ between the Cornwall sampling site and the Isle of Man site, would the temperature increase or decrease? (Answer is a single word.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Photosynthesis is the process plants use to derive energy from sunlight and is associated with a cell's chloroplasts. The energy is used to produce carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis involves light and dark phases. Figure 1 represents two initial steps associated with the light phase.\n\nThe light phase supplies the dark phase with NADPH and a high-energy substrate.\n\nA researcher attempted to produce a photosynthetic system outside the living organism according to the following protocols:\n\nChloroplasts were extracted from green leaves and ruptured, and their membranes were thereby exposed, then a solution of hexachloroplatinate ions carrying a charge of -2 was added.\n\nThe structure of the composite was analyzed, and the amount of oxygen produced by the system was measured.\n\nThe researcher concluded that the ions were bound to the membrane's Photosystem 1 site by the attraction of opposite charges. The resulting composite is shown in Figure 2. It was found that the hexachloroplatinate-membrane composite was photosynthetically active.\nPredict how the dark phases of photosynthesis were affected during this experiment, would it be active or not? (Yes or No)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "Yes",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "Yes",
"id": "scemqa_oe--160",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Photosynthesis is the process plants use to derive energy from sunlight and is associated with a cell's chloroplasts. The energy is used to produce carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis involves light and dark phases. Figure 1 represents two initial steps associated with the light phase.\n\nThe light phase supplies the dark phase with NADPH and a high-energy substrate.\n\nA researcher attempted to produce a photosynthetic system outside the living organism according to the following protocols:\n\nChloroplasts were extracted from green leaves and ruptured, and their membranes were thereby exposed, then a solution of hexachloroplatinate ions carrying a charge of -2 was added.\n\nThe structure of the composite was analyzed, and the amount of oxygen produced by the system was measured.\n\nThe researcher concluded that the ions were bound to the membrane's Photosystem 1 site by the attraction of opposite charges. The resulting composite is shown in Figure 2. It was found that the hexachloroplatinate-membrane composite was photosynthetically active.\nPredict how the dark phases of photosynthesis were affected during this experiment, would it be active or not? (Yes or No)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The pedigree shown in Figure 1, numbered by individual, tracks the instances of color blindness within the family. Squares are male, circles are female, and each half of a shape represents one of the two copies of the gene. Shading represents that the allele for color blindness is present.\nOf the individuals with a \"?\", identify which of them is heterozygous. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "11",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "11",
"id": "scemqa_oe--161",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The pedigree shown in Figure 1, numbered by individual, tracks the instances of color blindness within the family. Squares are male, circles are female, and each half of a shape represents one of the two copies of the gene. Shading represents that the allele for color blindness is present.\nOf the individuals with a \"?\", identify which of them is heterozygous. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>An experiment was conducted to observe the light-absorbing properties of chlorophylls and carotenoids using a spectrophotometer. The pigments were first extracted and dissolved in a solution. They were then illuminated with pure light of different wavelengths to detect which wavelengths were absorbed by the solution. The results are presented in the absorption spectrum below.\nAt approximately what wavelength does chlorophyll a maximally absorb light? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "425",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "425",
"id": "scemqa_oe--162",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>An experiment was conducted to observe the light-absorbing properties of chlorophylls and carotenoids using a spectrophotometer. The pigments were first extracted and dissolved in a solution. They were then illuminated with pure light of different wavelengths to detect which wavelengths were absorbed by the solution. The results are presented in the absorption spectrum below.\nAt approximately what wavelength does chlorophyll a maximally absorb light? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The loss of water by evaporation from the leaf openings is known as transpiration. The transpiration rates of various plants are shown below.\n\nHow many liters of water per week are lost by a coconut palm? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "525",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "525",
"id": "scemqa_oe--163",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The loss of water by evaporation from the leaf openings is known as transpiration. The transpiration rates of various plants are shown below.\n\nHow many liters of water per week are lost by a coconut palm? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Here is a graph that shows a growth curve for a population of bacteria.\n\n\n\nCalculate the mean rate of population growth between day 2 and day 4. Give your answer to the nearest whole number (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "30000",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "30000",
"id": "scemqa_oe--164",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Here is a graph that shows a growth curve for a population of bacteria.\n\n\n\nCalculate the mean rate of population growth between day 2 and day 4. Give your answer to the nearest whole number (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Here is a sketch that shows Earth’s water cycle including the oceans and continents. Assuming that total precipitation equals total evaporation, what is the value of evaporation from the land to the atmosphere? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "71e15",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "71e15",
"id": "scemqa_oe--165",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Here is a sketch that shows Earth’s water cycle including the oceans and continents. Assuming that total precipitation equals total evaporation, what is the value of evaporation from the land to the atmosphere? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Here is a graph showing the amount of product formed during an enyzyme-mediated reaction. Calculate the mean rate of product formed in the first 90 seconds. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "4.4e-4",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "4.4e-4",
"id": "scemqa_oe--166",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Here is a graph showing the amount of product formed during an enyzyme-mediated reaction. Calculate the mean rate of product formed in the first 90 seconds. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The behavior of Anolis lizards is influenced by the altitude of their habitats: the higher the altitude, the greater the amount of time that lizards bask in the sun. The following graph tracks the body temperatures of two species of Anolis at various habitat altitudes. According to the information in the graph, how many degrees warmer is the body temperature of an A. shrevei lizard at 2000 m than that of an A. cybotes lizard at 5 m when the air temperature is 25°C? Express your answer in °C to the nearest tenth. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "4",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "4",
"id": "scemqa_oe--167",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The behavior of Anolis lizards is influenced by the altitude of their habitats: the higher the altitude, the greater the amount of time that lizards bask in the sun. The following graph tracks the body temperatures of two species of Anolis at various habitat altitudes. According to the information in the graph, how many degrees warmer is the body temperature of an A. shrevei lizard at 2000 m than that of an A. cybotes lizard at 5 m when the air temperature is 25°C? Express your answer in °C to the nearest tenth. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Photosynthetic activity can vary with both light intensities and leaf temperature. Solid lines in the following graph plot the rate of photosynthesis as a function of carbon dioxide uptake, leaf temperature, and light intensity. The dashed line plots the rate of respiration that occurs at the same time as photosynthesis. The compensation point occurs when photosynthesis and respiration rates are equal. According to the information in the graph, how much warmer is leaf temperature at the compensation point when light intensity is 11.5 kJ/m2/min than when light intensity is 2.7 kJ/m2/min? Express your answer in °C to the nearest tenth. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "12.5",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "12.5",
"id": "scemqa_oe--168",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Photosynthetic activity can vary with both light intensities and leaf temperature. Solid lines in the following graph plot the rate of photosynthesis as a function of carbon dioxide uptake, leaf temperature, and light intensity. The dashed line plots the rate of respiration that occurs at the same time as photosynthesis. The compensation point occurs when photosynthesis and respiration rates are equal. According to the information in the graph, how much warmer is leaf temperature at the compensation point when light intensity is 11.5 kJ/m2/min than when light intensity is 2.7 kJ/m2/min? Express your answer in °C to the nearest tenth. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The following figure shows the transfer of energy through a forest community. According to the information in the figure, what is the proportion of energy entering the first trophic level that is passed to the second trophic level? Express your answer as a value between 0 and 1, rounded to the nearest hundredth. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "0.12",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "0.12",
"id": "scemqa_oe--169",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The following figure shows the transfer of energy through a forest community. According to the information in the figure, what is the proportion of energy entering the first trophic level that is passed to the second trophic level? Express your answer as a value between 0 and 1, rounded to the nearest hundredth. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A mutation of an X-linked, recessive allele is lethal. Male fetuses that inherit the allele and female fetuses that are homozygous recessive abort before birth. What is the probability that a child born to a female who is heterozygous for the mutation will have one copy of the allele? Express your answer as a decimal to the nearest hundredth.\nThe above graph shows the rate of an enzyme-mediated reaction. What is the rate of the reaction between 0 and 2 seconds? Express your answer as a decimal to the nearest tenth. \n (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "4",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "4",
"id": "scemqa_oe--170",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A mutation of an X-linked, recessive allele is lethal. Male fetuses that inherit the allele and female fetuses that are homozygous recessive abort before birth. What is the probability that a child born to a female who is heterozygous for the mutation will have one copy of the allele? Express your answer as a decimal to the nearest hundredth.\nThe above graph shows the rate of an enzyme-mediated reaction. What is the rate of the reaction between 0 and 2 seconds? Express your answer as a decimal to the nearest tenth. \n (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The figure above shows the flow of energy in a community. What percent of the energy taken in by producers ends up in carnivores? Express your answer as a percent to the nearest tenth. (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "1.6",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "1.6",
"id": "scemqa_oe--171",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The figure above shows the flow of energy in a community. What percent of the energy taken in by producers ends up in carnivores? Express your answer as a percent to the nearest tenth. (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Five dialysis bags, made from a semipermeable membrane that is impermeable to glucose, were filled with various concentrations of glucose and placed in separate beakers containing 0.5 M glucose solution. The bags were weighed every 10 minutes and the percent change in mass for each bag was graphed.\nWhich line represents the bag that contained a solution isotonic to the 0.5 M solution? (Answer is a single letter.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "C",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "C",
"id": "scemqa_oe--172",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Five dialysis bags, made from a semipermeable membrane that is impermeable to glucose, were filled with various concentrations of glucose and placed in separate beakers containing 0.5 M glucose solution. The bags were weighed every 10 minutes and the percent change in mass for each bag was graphed.\nWhich line represents the bag that contained a solution isotonic to the 0.5 M solution? (Answer is a single letter.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Five dialysis bags, made from a semipermeable membrane that is impermeable to glucose, were filled with various concentrations of glucose and placed in separate beakers containing 0.5 M glucose solution. The bags were weighed every 10 minutes and the percent change in mass for each bag was graphed.\n\nWhich line represents that bag with the highest initial concentration of glucose? (Answer is a single letter.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "A",
"id": "scemqa_oe--173",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Five dialysis bags, made from a semipermeable membrane that is impermeable to glucose, were filled with various concentrations of glucose and placed in separate beakers containing 0.5 M glucose solution. The bags were weighed every 10 minutes and the percent change in mass for each bag was graphed.\n\nWhich line represents that bag with the highest initial concentration of glucose? (Answer is a single letter.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Five dialysis bags, made from a semipermeable membrane that is impermeable to glucose, were filled with various concentrations of glucose and placed in separate beakers containing 0.5 M glucose solution. The bags were weighed every 10 minutes and the percent change in mass for each bag was graphed.\n\nWhich line or lines represent bags that contain a solution that is hypertonic at 50 minutes? (Answer is a single letter.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "B",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "B",
"id": "scemqa_oe--174",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Five dialysis bags, made from a semipermeable membrane that is impermeable to glucose, were filled with various concentrations of glucose and placed in separate beakers containing 0.5 M glucose solution. The bags were weighed every 10 minutes and the percent change in mass for each bag was graphed.\n\nWhich line or lines represent bags that contain a solution that is hypertonic at 50 minutes? (Answer is a single letter.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disorder that produces a buildup of thick mucus in the lungs that leads to constricted airways, persistent coughing, and bacterial infections of the lungs. Also, mucus buildup from pancreatic cells blocks the secretion of pancreatic digestive enzymes and results in incomplete digestion and diarrhea. Life expectancy is 30 to 40 years for individuals who inherit two copies of the autosomal recessive trait.\n\nThe disorder is caused by a mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR), an ATP-activated ion channel protein. Binding of ATP to CFTR triggers the opening of a channel that allows Cl- to passively flow across the plasma membrane. In epithelial lung cells, the channel enables the movement of Cl- out of the cell, though in other cell types, the channel can be structured so as to promote Cl- into the cell.\n\nIn normal individuals, epinephrine initiates a signal transduction pathway by binding to a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) on the plasma membrane of epithelial lung cells. The GPCR then activates an exchange of a GTP for a GDP on a nearby G protein. This G protein, now activated with the GTP, binds to the GPCR. This allows the release of a G subunit (Gα) that binds to and activates adenylyl cyclase. Adenylyl cyclase then catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cAMP activates a protein kinase (PKA). PKA enables two ATP molecules to bind to the CFTR protein, triggering the opening of a gated channel in the CFTR and allowing for the passive passage of Cl- out of the cell.\n\nThe movement of Cl- into the extracellular fluid creates an electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane that induces water to move out of the cell. A Na+/K+ pump, also activated by PKA and ATP, helps regulate the electrochemical gradient to maintain an appropriate surface liquid on the epithelial cells. (Answer is a single word.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "epinephrin",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "epinephrin",
"id": "scemqa_oe--175",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disorder that produces a buildup of thick mucus in the lungs that leads to constricted airways, persistent coughing, and bacterial infections of the lungs. Also, mucus buildup from pancreatic cells blocks the secretion of pancreatic digestive enzymes and results in incomplete digestion and diarrhea. Life expectancy is 30 to 40 years for individuals who inherit two copies of the autosomal recessive trait.\n\nThe disorder is caused by a mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR), an ATP-activated ion channel protein. Binding of ATP to CFTR triggers the opening of a channel that allows Cl- to passively flow across the plasma membrane. In epithelial lung cells, the channel enables the movement of Cl- out of the cell, though in other cell types, the channel can be structured so as to promote Cl- into the cell.\n\nIn normal individuals, epinephrine initiates a signal transduction pathway by binding to a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) on the plasma membrane of epithelial lung cells. The GPCR then activates an exchange of a GTP for a GDP on a nearby G protein. This G protein, now activated with the GTP, binds to the GPCR. This allows the release of a G subunit (Gα) that binds to and activates adenylyl cyclase. Adenylyl cyclase then catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cAMP activates a protein kinase (PKA). PKA enables two ATP molecules to bind to the CFTR protein, triggering the opening of a gated channel in the CFTR and allowing for the passive passage of Cl- out of the cell.\n\nThe movement of Cl- into the extracellular fluid creates an electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane that induces water to move out of the cell. A Na+/K+ pump, also activated by PKA and ATP, helps regulate the electrochemical gradient to maintain an appropriate surface liquid on the epithelial cells. (Answer is a single word.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>A biologist uses paper chromatography to separate pigments obtained from chloroplasts. In this procedure, leaf extracts containing a mixture of pigments are streaked near the bottom edge of a strip of chromatography paper. Chromatography paper is made of cellulose, an organic, polar molecule. The paper is mounted so that its bottom edge makes contact with a relatively nonpolar, organic solvent.\n\nAfter the paper touches the solvent, the solvent and the pigments in the leaf extract move up the chromatography paper. The figure that follows shows the leading edges of four pigments relative to the point of pigment application.\nThe Rf value of a pigment is the ratio of the distance traveled by a pigment to the distance traveled by the solvent. Which pigment has the greatest Rf value? (Answer is a single word.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "carotene",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "carotene",
"id": "scemqa_oe--176",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>A biologist uses paper chromatography to separate pigments obtained from chloroplasts. In this procedure, leaf extracts containing a mixture of pigments are streaked near the bottom edge of a strip of chromatography paper. Chromatography paper is made of cellulose, an organic, polar molecule. The paper is mounted so that its bottom edge makes contact with a relatively nonpolar, organic solvent.\n\nAfter the paper touches the solvent, the solvent and the pigments in the leaf extract move up the chromatography paper. The figure that follows shows the leading edges of four pigments relative to the point of pigment application.\nThe Rf value of a pigment is the ratio of the distance traveled by a pigment to the distance traveled by the solvent. Which pigment has the greatest Rf value? (Answer is a single word.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Long periods of studying or other kinds of stressful mental activity cause the buildup of adenosine molecules in brain tissue. Adenosine is a ligand that binds to a G protein-coupled receptor on brain cells, activating a G protein by replacing its bound GDP with a GTP. A subunit of the G protein then binds to and activates adenylyl cyclase (AC), a membrane-bound effector protein. Adenylyl cyclase then catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP (cAMP), a second messenger. The cellular response to cAMP varies widely in different types of cells. In brain cells and other cells of the central nervous system, cAMP activates a protein kinase (PKA), which slows brain activity and causes drowsiness. Normally, cAMP concentrations in the cell are kept low by the enzyme cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE), converting cAMP to regular AMP (not cyclic). But high levels of cAMP can be attained during periods of mental fatigue or other kinds of stress.Does GTP bound to a subunit of the G protein activates adenylyl cyclase (AC)? (Yes of No)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "Yes",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "Yes",
"id": "scemqa_oe--177",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Long periods of studying or other kinds of stressful mental activity cause the buildup of adenosine molecules in brain tissue. Adenosine is a ligand that binds to a G protein-coupled receptor on brain cells, activating a G protein by replacing its bound GDP with a GTP. A subunit of the G protein then binds to and activates adenylyl cyclase (AC), a membrane-bound effector protein. Adenylyl cyclase then catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP (cAMP), a second messenger. The cellular response to cAMP varies widely in different types of cells. In brain cells and other cells of the central nervous system, cAMP activates a protein kinase (PKA), which slows brain activity and causes drowsiness. Normally, cAMP concentrations in the cell are kept low by the enzyme cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE), converting cAMP to regular AMP (not cyclic). But high levels of cAMP can be attained during periods of mental fatigue or other kinds of stress.Does GTP bound to a subunit of the G protein activates adenylyl cyclase (AC)? (Yes of No)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Oxygen is transported throughout the body by hemoglobin molecules within red blood cells. The blood types A, B, and O identify red blood cells distinguished by specific sugars attached to membrane-bound proteins. There are three alleles (A, B, and O), two of which (A and B) code for enzymes that attach a specific sugar to the membrane-bound protein. The combination of any two of the three alleles results in six genotypes, producing four phenotypes, A, B, AB, and O.\n\nThe following figure of a phylogenetic tree shows the nucleotide substitutions, deletions, and insertions for one possible explanation for the evolution of the ABO allele group.\nAccording to the phylogenetic tree, what is the alleles that is the most likely ancestral? (Answer is a single letter.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "A ",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "A ",
"id": "scemqa_oe--178",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Oxygen is transported throughout the body by hemoglobin molecules within red blood cells. The blood types A, B, and O identify red blood cells distinguished by specific sugars attached to membrane-bound proteins. There are three alleles (A, B, and O), two of which (A and B) code for enzymes that attach a specific sugar to the membrane-bound protein. The combination of any two of the three alleles results in six genotypes, producing four phenotypes, A, B, AB, and O.\n\nThe following figure of a phylogenetic tree shows the nucleotide substitutions, deletions, and insertions for one possible explanation for the evolution of the ABO allele group.\nAccording to the phylogenetic tree, what is the alleles that is the most likely ancestral? (Answer is a single letter.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Oxygen is transported throughout the body by hemoglobin molecules within red blood cells. The blood types A, B, and O identify red blood cells distinguished by specific sugars attached to membrane-bound proteins. There are three alleles (A, B, and O), two of which (A and B) code for enzymes that attach a specific sugar to the membrane-bound protein. The combination of any two of the three alleles results in six genotypes, producing four phenotypes, A, B, AB, and O.\n\nThe following figure of a phylogenetic tree shows the nucleotide substitutions, deletions, and insertions for one possible explanation for the evolution of the ABO allele group.\nIf the exon of the A allele contains 1065 nucleotides, how many nucleotides code for the B allele? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "1065",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "1065",
"id": "scemqa_oe--179",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Oxygen is transported throughout the body by hemoglobin molecules within red blood cells. The blood types A, B, and O identify red blood cells distinguished by specific sugars attached to membrane-bound proteins. There are three alleles (A, B, and O), two of which (A and B) code for enzymes that attach a specific sugar to the membrane-bound protein. The combination of any two of the three alleles results in six genotypes, producing four phenotypes, A, B, AB, and O.\n\nThe following figure of a phylogenetic tree shows the nucleotide substitutions, deletions, and insertions for one possible explanation for the evolution of the ABO allele group.\nIf the exon of the A allele contains 1065 nucleotides, how many nucleotides code for the B allele? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Questions refer to the graph below that plots the temperature of water as a function of heat energy absorbed.\n\n\n\n1. What state of matter does the line labeled X represent? (Answer is a single word.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "liquid",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "liquid",
"id": "scemqa_oe--180",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Questions refer to the graph below that plots the temperature of water as a function of heat energy absorbed.\n\n\n\n1. What state of matter does the line labeled X represent? (Answer is a single word.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Questions refer to the graph below that plots the temperature of water as a function of heat energy absorbed.\n\n\nWhat part of the graph represents the cooling effect of sweating? (Answer is a single letter.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "Y",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "Y",
"id": "scemqa_oe--181",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Questions refer to the graph below that plots the temperature of water as a function of heat energy absorbed.\n\n\nWhat part of the graph represents the cooling effect of sweating? (Answer is a single letter.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Questions refer to the following figure showing the replicative cycle of an RNA retrovirus such as HIV, the AIDS virus.\n\nDoes 'procee I' in the provided figure indicates reverse transcriptase? (Yes or No)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "Yes",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "Yes",
"id": "scemqa_oe--182",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Questions refer to the following figure showing the replicative cycle of an RNA retrovirus such as HIV, the AIDS virus.\n\nDoes 'procee I' in the provided figure indicates reverse transcriptase? (Yes or No)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Questions refer to the following figure showing the replicative cycle of an RNA retrovirus such as HIV, the AIDS virus.\nWhat enzyme catalyzes the process III indicated as 'process I' in the provided figure, is it RNA polymerase? (Yes or No)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "Yes",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "Yes",
"id": "scemqa_oe--183",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Questions refer to the following figure showing the replicative cycle of an RNA retrovirus such as HIV, the AIDS virus.\nWhat enzyme catalyzes the process III indicated as 'process I' in the provided figure, is it RNA polymerase? (Yes or No)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Questions refer to the following figure showing the replicative cycle of an RNA retrovirus such as HIV, the AIDS virus.\nIs proteins and glycoproteins the products of the viral replication process following 'process IV' as illustrated in the figure? (Yes or No)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "Yes",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "Yes",
"id": "scemqa_oe--184",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Questions refer to the following figure showing the replicative cycle of an RNA retrovirus such as HIV, the AIDS virus.\nIs proteins and glycoproteins the products of the viral replication process following 'process IV' as illustrated in the figure? (Yes or No)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Questions refer to the following figure showing the replicative cycle of an RNA retrovirus such as HIV, the AIDS virus.\nWhere are viral genes transcribed into mRNA? (Answer is a single word.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "nucleus",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "nucleus",
"id": "scemqa_oe--185",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Questions refer to the following figure showing the replicative cycle of an RNA retrovirus such as HIV, the AIDS virus.\nWhere are viral genes transcribed into mRNA? (Answer is a single word.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Questions refer to the following figure that illustrates the evolution of nine species from a single ancestral species. Roman numerals I through V identify different areas of the figure.\nIs stabilizing selection the factor that is responsible for evolution pattern indicated by area III? (Yes or No)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "Yes",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "Yes",
"id": "scemqa_oe--186",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Questions refer to the following figure that illustrates the evolution of nine species from a single ancestral species. Roman numerals I through V identify different areas of the figure.\nIs stabilizing selection the factor that is responsible for evolution pattern indicated by area III? (Yes or No)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Questions refer to the following figure that illustrates the evolution of nine species from a single ancestral species. Roman numerals I through V identify different areas of the figure.\nWhat evolutionary process is suggested by the pattern observed in the diagram if it represents the introduction of a single species to a remote, newly formed island? Choose from A.adaptive radiation\nB. allopatric speciation\nC. coevolution\nD. multiple occurrences of gene flow \n(Answer is a single letter.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "A",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "A",
"id": "scemqa_oe--187",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Questions refer to the following figure that illustrates the evolution of nine species from a single ancestral species. Roman numerals I through V identify different areas of the figure.\nWhat evolutionary process is suggested by the pattern observed in the diagram if it represents the introduction of a single species to a remote, newly formed island? Choose from A.adaptive radiation\nB. allopatric speciation\nC. coevolution\nD. multiple occurrences of gene flow \n(Answer is a single letter.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The graph that follows shows the absorption spectra for individual pigments found inside a chloroplast and the action spectrum for photosynthesis.\nIs Chlorophylls c the pigment that absorbs the most light at the longest wavelengths? (Yes or No)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "Yes",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "Yes",
"id": "scemqa_oe--188",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The graph that follows shows the absorption spectra for individual pigments found inside a chloroplast and the action spectrum for photosynthesis.\nIs Chlorophylls c the pigment that absorbs the most light at the longest wavelengths? (Yes or No)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The graph that follows shows the absorption spectra for individual pigments found inside a chloroplast and the action spectrum for photosynthesis.\nAt what wavelength of light is the rate of photosynthesis greatest?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "450",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "450",
"id": "scemqa_oe--189",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The graph that follows shows the absorption spectra for individual pigments found inside a chloroplast and the action spectrum for photosynthesis.\nAt what wavelength of light is the rate of photosynthesis greatest?"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>In a heavily populated suburb, two cougars were once spotted roaming in a small field. Local wildlife experts, though not surprised, warned the public to be aware of their surroundings and to keep small pets protected. A group of local junior high school students were curious about the population of cougars in the area since no one they asked had ever seen one in the area. With the help of local wildlife enthusiasts and carefully placed motion-activated wildlife cameras, the group of students recorded sightings of animals in a local forest preserve for their entire four years of high school. The results are shown below.\nWhat species is the most probable primary prey for the cougar population according to the figure? (Answer is a single word.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "deer",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "deer",
"id": "scemqa_oe--190",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>In a heavily populated suburb, two cougars were once spotted roaming in a small field. Local wildlife experts, though not surprised, warned the public to be aware of their surroundings and to keep small pets protected. A group of local junior high school students were curious about the population of cougars in the area since no one they asked had ever seen one in the area. With the help of local wildlife enthusiasts and carefully placed motion-activated wildlife cameras, the group of students recorded sightings of animals in a local forest preserve for their entire four years of high school. The results are shown below.\nWhat species is the most probable primary prey for the cougar population according to the figure? (Answer is a single word.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>In a heavily populated suburb, two cougars were once spotted roaming in a small field. Local wildlife experts, though not surprised, warned the public to be aware of their surroundings and to keep small pets protected. A group of local junior high school students were curious about the population of cougars in the area since no one they asked had ever seen one in the area. With the help of local wildlife enthusiasts and carefully placed motion-activated wildlife cameras, the group of students recorded sightings of animals in a local forest preserve for their entire four years of high school. The results are shown below.\nDid the graph indicates that the following population does NOT demonstrate exponential growth?\n\nI. Cougar\n\nII. Chipmunk\n\nIII. Deer\n(Yes or No)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "Yes",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "Yes",
"id": "scemqa_oe--191",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>In a heavily populated suburb, two cougars were once spotted roaming in a small field. Local wildlife experts, though not surprised, warned the public to be aware of their surroundings and to keep small pets protected. A group of local junior high school students were curious about the population of cougars in the area since no one they asked had ever seen one in the area. With the help of local wildlife enthusiasts and carefully placed motion-activated wildlife cameras, the group of students recorded sightings of animals in a local forest preserve for their entire four years of high school. The results are shown below.\nDid the graph indicates that the following population does NOT demonstrate exponential growth?\n\nI. Cougar\n\nII. Chipmunk\n\nIII. Deer\n(Yes or No)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The enzymatic catalysis of a reaction essential in the production of dog saliva is mediated by the protein ARKKKK60491. ARKKKK60491 is a homodimer, with each subunit being 337 amino acids. Figure 1, below, indicates a modular structure of the homodimer. Three positions are indicated on the model. Position A is the active site. Position B is a region known to have a large number of nonpolar residues. Position C is known to have a large number of charged residues.\nA mutation is discovered in the gene for ARKKKK60491 that converts positively charged lysine residue into negatively charged glutamic acid residue. This single change directly impacts the location where the substrate to ARKKKK60491 attaches during catalysis. Which position is likely affected by this change? \nI. Position A\n\nII. Position B\n\nIII. Position C\n (Answer is a single letter.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "I",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "I",
"id": "scemqa_oe--192",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The enzymatic catalysis of a reaction essential in the production of dog saliva is mediated by the protein ARKKKK60491. ARKKKK60491 is a homodimer, with each subunit being 337 amino acids. Figure 1, below, indicates a modular structure of the homodimer. Three positions are indicated on the model. Position A is the active site. Position B is a region known to have a large number of nonpolar residues. Position C is known to have a large number of charged residues.\nA mutation is discovered in the gene for ARKKKK60491 that converts positively charged lysine residue into negatively charged glutamic acid residue. This single change directly impacts the location where the substrate to ARKKKK60491 attaches during catalysis. Which position is likely affected by this change? \nI. Position A\n\nII. Position B\n\nIII. Position C\n (Answer is a single letter.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The enzymatic catalysis of a reaction essential in the production of dog saliva is mediated by the protein ARKKKK60491. ARKKKK60491 is a homodimer, with each subunit being 337 amino acids. Figure 1, below, indicates a modular structure of the homodimer. Three positions are indicated on the model. Position A is the active site. Position B is a region known to have a large number of nonpolar residues. Position C is known to have a large number of charged residues.\nAccording to Figure 1, within the protein ARKKKK60491, does Position A contain polypeptide N-termini?",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "No",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "No",
"id": "scemqa_oe--193",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The enzymatic catalysis of a reaction essential in the production of dog saliva is mediated by the protein ARKKKK60491. ARKKKK60491 is a homodimer, with each subunit being 337 amino acids. Figure 1, below, indicates a modular structure of the homodimer. Three positions are indicated on the model. Position A is the active site. Position B is a region known to have a large number of nonpolar residues. Position C is known to have a large number of charged residues.\nAccording to Figure 1, within the protein ARKKKK60491, does Position A contain polypeptide N-termini?"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>An experiment is performed to evaluate the amount of DNA present during a complete cell cycle. All of the cells were synced prior to the start of the experiment. During the experiment, a fluorescent chemical was applied to cells, which would fluoresce only when bound to DNA. The results of the experiment are shown above. Differences in cell appearance by microscopy or changes in detected DNA were determined to be phases of the cell cycle and are labeled with the letters A-D.\nApproximately how long does S phase take to occur in these cells? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "30",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "30",
"id": "scemqa_oe--194",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>An experiment is performed to evaluate the amount of DNA present during a complete cell cycle. All of the cells were synced prior to the start of the experiment. During the experiment, a fluorescent chemical was applied to cells, which would fluoresce only when bound to DNA. The results of the experiment are shown above. Differences in cell appearance by microscopy or changes in detected DNA were determined to be phases of the cell cycle and are labeled with the letters A-D.\nApproximately how long does S phase take to occur in these cells? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>An experiment is performed to evaluate the amount of DNA present during a complete cell cycle. All of the cells were synced prior to the start of the experiment. During the experiment, a fluorescent chemical was applied to cells, which would fluoresce only when bound to DNA. The results of the experiment are shown above. Differences in cell appearance by microscopy or changes in detected DNA were determined to be phases of the cell cycle and are labeled with the letters A-D.\nWhat phase in the experiment corresponds to the cell undergoing anaphase?\n (Answer is a single letter.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "D",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "D",
"id": "scemqa_oe--195",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>An experiment is performed to evaluate the amount of DNA present during a complete cell cycle. All of the cells were synced prior to the start of the experiment. During the experiment, a fluorescent chemical was applied to cells, which would fluoresce only when bound to DNA. The results of the experiment are shown above. Differences in cell appearance by microscopy or changes in detected DNA were determined to be phases of the cell cycle and are labeled with the letters A-D.\nWhat phase in the experiment corresponds to the cell undergoing anaphase?\n (Answer is a single letter.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>The cell cycle is a series of events in the life of a dividing eukaryotic cell. It consists of four stages: G1, S, G2, and M. The duration of the cell cycle varies from one species to another and from one cell type to another. The G1 phase varies the most. For example, embryonic cells can pass through the G1 phase so quickly that it hardly exists, whereas neurons are arrested in the cell cycle and do not divide. According to the figure, During which phase do chromosomes replicate?\nAccording to the figure provided, which is the LEAST possible location for Gerdellen to be placed? (Answer is a single letter.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "S",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "S",
"id": "scemqa_oe--196",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>The cell cycle is a series of events in the life of a dividing eukaryotic cell. It consists of four stages: G1, S, G2, and M. The duration of the cell cycle varies from one species to another and from one cell type to another. The G1 phase varies the most. For example, embryonic cells can pass through the G1 phase so quickly that it hardly exists, whereas neurons are arrested in the cell cycle and do not divide. According to the figure, During which phase do chromosomes replicate?\nAccording to the figure provided, which is the LEAST possible location for Gerdellen to be placed? (Answer is a single letter.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Questions below refer to the following figures which show 5 species of insects that were discovered on a previously unknown island and were named as shown in the table. Proteomic analysis was performed on a highly conserved protein in the insects and the number of amino acid differences was calculated and included in the table below. The scientists used this data to create the phylogenetic tree shown below with positions labeled I, II, III, and IV as well as O, P, Q, R, and S.\nAccording to the figure provided,which species is the out-group? (Answer is a single word.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "Snippeiq",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "Snippeiq",
"id": "scemqa_oe--197",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Questions below refer to the following figures which show 5 species of insects that were discovered on a previously unknown island and were named as shown in the table. Proteomic analysis was performed on a highly conserved protein in the insects and the number of amino acid differences was calculated and included in the table below. The scientists used this data to create the phylogenetic tree shown below with positions labeled I, II, III, and IV as well as O, P, Q, R, and S.\nAccording to the figure provided,which species is the out-group? (Answer is a single word.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Questions below refer to the following figures which show 5 species of insects that were discovered on a previously unknown island and were named as shown in the table. Proteomic analysis was performed on a highly conserved protein in the insects and the number of amino acid differences was calculated and included in the table below. The scientists used this data to create the phylogenetic tree shown below with positions labeled I, II, III, and IV as well as O, P, Q, R, and S.\nAccording to the figure provided,which is the LEAST possible location for Gerdellen to be placed? (Answer is a single letter.)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "S",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "S",
"id": "scemqa_oe--198",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Questions below refer to the following figures which show 5 species of insects that were discovered on a previously unknown island and were named as shown in the table. Proteomic analysis was performed on a highly conserved protein in the insects and the number of amino acid differences was calculated and included in the table below. The scientists used this data to create the phylogenetic tree shown below with positions labeled I, II, III, and IV as well as O, P, Q, R, and S.\nAccording to the figure provided,which is the LEAST possible location for Gerdellen to be placed? (Answer is a single letter.)"
}
|
|
scemqa_oe
|
[
{
"content": "<image>Hemophilia is an X-linked disease associated with the inability to produce specific proteins in the blood-clotting pathway. In this Figure, the family members afflicted with the disease are shown with filled-in squares (male) or circles (females). A couple is trying to determine the likelihood of passing on the disease to their future children (represented by the ? symbol above) because the hemophilia runs in the woman’s family.\nAssuming that the woman in the couple is a carrier, what is the probability that the couple’s first son will have hemophilia? (Final Answer is a value)",
"role": "user"
}
] |
{
"ground_truth": "0.5",
"style": "rule"
}
|
{
"gt_answer": "0.5",
"id": "scemqa_oe--199",
"mc_options": null,
"original_question": "<image>Hemophilia is an X-linked disease associated with the inability to produce specific proteins in the blood-clotting pathway. In this Figure, the family members afflicted with the disease are shown with filled-in squares (male) or circles (females). A couple is trying to determine the likelihood of passing on the disease to their future children (represented by the ? symbol above) because the hemophilia runs in the woman’s family.\nAssuming that the woman in the couple is a carrier, what is the probability that the couple’s first son will have hemophilia? (Final Answer is a value)"
}
|
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